LYCOS RETRIEVER
Zoroastrian: Book Pahlavi
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Among the Zoroastrian texts, only the Book of Arda Viraf mentions implements used to torture the wicked and includes pegs, sickles, spurs, and spikes, arrows and axes; knives and forks; stones and mud; and combs. Often natural materials are the implements of torture: and in addition to the bodily materials mentioned above, as possible foods for the wicked, there are ... ashes, hail and rain to torment them.
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This course will examine a range of Zoroastrian literature from ancient to modern times and of different genres. Texts that will be read include selections from the Older and Younger Avesta, Old and Middle Persian inscriptions, the Pahlavi literature and modern Zoroastrian interpretations of the ancient teachings. Moreover, the course includes outside perceptions of Zoroastrianism from ancient Greek, Roman and Islamic times as well as modern travellers.
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The Zoroastrian law book, The Vendidad (written circa 250 to 650 CE) contains "laws against demons" which touch on homosexuality. These purity laws are still followed by some conservative Zoroastrian communities. The Vendidad states:
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