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Zionism: World
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The first writings in what later came to be known as Zionism appeared in the mid-1800s. In 1840 the Jews of Eastern Europe and the Balkans had been aroused by rumors that the messianic era was at hand. Various writers, most prominently Rabbi Judah Alkalai and Rabbi Zevi Hirsch Kalisher but including many others, were impressed by the nationalist fervor of Europe that was creating new nation-states and by the resurgence of messianic expectations among Jews. Kalisher wrote that Jewish nationalism was directly akin to other nationalist movements and was the logical continuation of the Jewish enlightenment that had begun in France in 1791 when Jews were granted civil liberties. Alkalai consciously altered his expectations from a miraculous messianic salvation to a redemption by human effort that would pave the way for the arrival of the messiah. Both authors urged the development of Jewish national unity, and Kalisher in particular foresaw the ingathering to Palestine of many of the world's Jews as part of the process of emancipation.
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Zionism is widely recognized as a relevant topic for a World Religions course, and there is a section on the matter in several mainstream World Religions textbooks. CAIR-Chicago has sent a letter to the Roosevelt University administration and is in the process of creating a support network of professors, students and others who oppose this restriction of academic freedom.
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"In late July 1967, Moscow launched an unprecedented propaganda campaign against Zionism as a "world threat." Defeat was attributed not to tiny Israel alone, but to an "all-powerful international force." In its flagrant vulgarity, the new propaganda assault soon achieved Nazi-era characteristics. The Soviet public was saturated with racist canards. Extracts from Trofim Kichko's notorious 1963 volume, Judaism Without Embellishment, were extensively republished in the Soviet media. Yuri Ivanov's Beware: Zionism, a book essentially replicated The Protocols of the Elders of Zion, was given nationwide coverage."
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Background: Since the Nazis hated the Jews, one might at first think they would favor Zionism's campaign to build a Jewish state... encouraging Jews to leave Germany. They did in fact encourage Jewish emigration to Palestine, even ordering newspapers in Germany not to print stories about the difficulties Jews faced there. However, his article from one of the most widely circulated Nazi periodicals rejects the idea. Zionism is seen as part of the general Jewish plot to control the world. Der Schulungsbrief [W]as a general interest Nazi periodical with a circulation of over 1,000,000 in 1936. Nazi block wardens attempted to sell copies to every German citizen.
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It takes a lot of courage to be opposed to Zionism today. It ... took a lot of courage during the Second World War to be anti-Fascist in Italy or anti-Nazi in Germany. The difficulty is in drawing a clear distinction between anti-Zionist and anti-Judaism.
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Some Jews are aware of the unpleasant aspects to the word "Zionism", so they claim that Zionism ended in 1948 when Israel became established. They insist that there are no more Zionists in the world today; therefore, complaining about Zionism is as absurd as complaining about the Roman army.
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