LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Whistleblowing: Internal Whistleblowing
built 636 days ago
The majority of whistleblowing cases are based on relatively minor misconduct. The most common type of whistleblowers are internal whistleblowers, who report misconduct to another employee or superior within their company or agency. In contrast, external whistleblowers report misconduct to outside persons or entities. In these cases, depending on its severity and nature, whistleblowers may report the misconduct to lawyers, the media, law enforcement or watchdog agencies, or to other local, state, or federal agencies.
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Policy interventions to raise the level of supply of supply of a public good like whistleblowing must be able to reduce the personal costs associated with it. Alternatively, they must enable individuals to internalize some of the benefits of whistleblowing. Without state intervention in creating a conducive environment for whistleblowing, whistleblowing will be under-supplied as a "public good" despite the increased societal demand for it in the context of worsening state of corruption.
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[T]he question is, How do organizations encourage internal whistleblowing—that is, to an authority within the organization—to preclude external whistleblowing and the resulting damage to an organization? This section provides some best practices for encouraging employees to bring unethical or illegal practices to the forefront and addressing them before they become fatal to an organization.
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A number of French employment law questions related to whistleblowing schemes remain unanswered: Do these schemes need to be accepted by employee representatives? Should they be included in companies’ internal regulations which would mean following specific procedures and regulations of implementation as required by the French Labour Code?
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There is a false dichotomy between "internal" and "external" whistleblowing, and under U.S. federal law, many courts have failed to distinguish between the two. For example, in the field of federal environmental whistleblowing the federal courts have held that protecting "internal" whistleblowing is wise as a matter of public policy because whistleblower statutes are intended to encourage the free flow of information to prevent violations, "internal" reporting promotes resolving problems at the earliest possible stage, and discouraging "internal" reporting can have disastrous consequences
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Internal Whistleblowing