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Warsaw: Cities
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An older spelling of Warsaw in Polish is Warszewa or Warszowa, meaning "owned by Warsz". Folk etymology attributes the city name to a fisherman Wars and his wife Sawa.[3]. Actually, Warsz was a nobleman (12th/13th century) who owned a village located at the site of today's Mariensztat neighbourhood [4].
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Warsaw has an elected mayor, clerk and city council-style of government. Officials are elected for 4-year terms. Warsaw's mayor is Republican Ernest B. Wiggins, who has served in the post since March 1, 1997, following the resignation of Mayor Jeffrey W. Plank. He was re-elected mayor for a second term in 1999 and for a third term in 2003.
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Unlike most European capitals, Warsaw has no real bypass, so all transit traffic is routed through the city streets. The following streets, which constitute a circle with the radius of some 10 km (6 mi) from the city centre, can be considered an ersatz ringroad: Trasa Toruńska-Trasa Armii Krajowej-al. Prymasa Tysiąclecia-Al. Jerozolimskie-ul. Łopuszańska-ul. Hynka-ul.
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Warsaw lacks a good circular road system and most traffic goes directly through the city centre. Currently two circular roads are under consideration. The first (called OEW, or Obwodnica Etapowa Warszawy) is planned to run approximately 10 kilometers (6 mi) from the city centre through the city streets and across two new bridges. The other is planned to become a part of both the A-2 motorway (itself a part of the European route E30 from Berlin to Moscow) and the S-7 (Gdańsk–Kraków) express road, and will run through a tunnel under the southern area of Ursynów. It is to be completed between 2010 and 2012.
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In the eighteenth century, Warsaw prospered as it became a commercial, manufacturing, and banking center. By 1792, the city's population had attained 100,000. The court of Stanislaw August (reigned 1764-1795) in Warsaw became the motor for the Enlightenment project in Poland. After Poland's second partition, the city rose up against Russian domination in 1794.
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As is the case with most major cities, Warsaw is situated on a river. The river's name is Vistula (Polish: Wisła) and it crosses the city vertically, dividing it into two parts, usually referred to as the left bank (Polish: lewy brzeg adj. lewobrzeżna [Warszawa]) and the right bank (Polish: prawy brzeg adj. prawobrzeżna [Warszawa]).
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