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Virtual Woman
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Professor Mel Slater of the Catalan Polytechnic University has recreated this experiment but this time he uses a virtual woman to be the victim of electric shocks. So, the subject knows that the person receiving the electric shocks is not real. Yet, despite this knowledge, many of the subjects still exhibited discomfort as the virtual victim protested and shouted. Some subjects even considered being withdrawn from the study even though no one was being harmed.
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When volunteers were asked whether they had considered aborting the experiment, nearly half of those who could see and hear the virtual woman indicated they had because of their troubled feelings about what was happening. In addition, their heart rates indicated that participants reacted as though the situation was real.
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It took an art rather than a technology journalist to make note of the caricature-like erotic imagery used to represent the virtual woman and to avoid a purely formalist description. In his review of the 1998 Ars Electronica Festival catalog, critic Christopher Penrose writes:
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The group from whom the virtual woman was hidden delivered shocks up to the maximum voltage, like many of those in Milgram’s experiment. Those who could see her were more likely to stop before reaching this limit.
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