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Victorian England
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The Demography of Victorian England and Wales describes in detail for the first time the changing population history of England and Wales between 1837 and 1914. Its principal focus is the great demographic revolution that occurred during those years, especially the secular decline of fertility and the origins of the modern rise in life expectancy. It is lavishly illustrated with numerous tables, figures and maps, many of which are reproduced in full color. This clear, comprehensive and engaging reference work makes a seminal contribution to demographic history.
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Citing liquor as the cause of crime in Victorian England was not uncommon. For example, journalist Charles Graham expressed concern about the large amount of money Victorian England was spending on beer and spirits and about the "great amount of misery and crime caused by excessive use of these beverages." <37> Joseph Kidd went so far as to suggest that doctors physically examine all workingclass men for intemperance as they were threats and menaces to society. He ... suggested that the working class was physically inferior because they drank alcohol and their bodies were poisoned by it. <38> However, one of Graham's and Kidd's colleagues strongly disagreed. Victorian journalist Charles Walker insisted that "To speak of poverty and crime as the results of the consumption of alcohol is to betray not only an unphilosophical habit of mind, but an ignorance or prejudice which is inexcusable." <39>
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Many of the problems that plagued Victorian England exist in the United States today—poverty, injustice, and an ever-widening gulf between the classes. Children reading stories about Victorian times will recognize and relate to the struggles of these historical characters. These stories ... reinforce the principles of equality for all people regardless of class or background; the rights of the poor to decent housing, health care, and education; the need for society to care for children whose parents are unable to do so; and the responsibility of government and individuals to promote the dignity of all people.
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The Wheatstone English concertina was enormously popular in Victorian England. Developed around 1830 by the physicist Sir Charles Wheatstone, the instrument quickly found a home on the leading concert stage and in upper-class salons. It attracted such composers as Macfarren, Benedict, Barnett, and molique, who supplied its repertory with concertos, sonatas, character pieces, and chamber works. It two great virtuosos, Giulio Regondi and Richard Blagrove, drew the plaudits of audiences, and critics alike.
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Houses of Parliament (London): No government building in England symbolizes the Victorian age like the Palace of Westminster, housing Parliament. Replacing a palace destroyed by fire in 1834, it cost £2 million to build, a princely sum at the time. The building was completed in 1860 and turned out to be a Gothic fantasy, its facade decorated with monarchs ranging from William the Conqueror to Queen Victoria.
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Widespread narcoticism seems anomalous in Victorian England, a culture esteemed for its moral rectitude and strong family values. Yet, both early and mid-Victorian adults consumed staggering amounts of opium, and child drugging was commonplace in this environment. In some areas and among some income groups, opium feeding was nearly ubiquitous.
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Victorian England