LYCOS RETRIEVER
U.S. Presidential Election: Papa Bush
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Every U.S. presidential election campaign is an amalgam of issues, images and personality; and despite the intense focus on the country's economic future, the 1992 contest was no exception. The Bush reelection effort was built around a set of ideas traditionally used by incumbents: experience and trust. It was in some ways a battle of generations. George H. W. Bush, 68, the last president to have served in World War II, faced a young challenger in Bill Clinton who, at age 46, had never served in the military and had participated in protests against the Vietnam War. In emphasizing his experience as president and commander-in-chief, Bush ... drew attention to what he characterized as Clinton's lack of judgment and character.
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After the 2004 U.S. presidential election there were allegations of data irregularities and systematic flaws which may have affected the outcome of the presidential and local elections. Issues range from allegations of voting machine impropriety to complaints voting was not made accessible to all citizens (long lines, disenfranchisement). The unofficial result of the election has been publically accepted by John Kerry in favor of George W. Bush. However, some groups and individuals (including the media, independent candidate Ralph Nader, Green Party candidate David Cobb, Libertarian Party candidate Michael Badnarik, the Electronic Frontier Foundation, electronic voting machine criticism organization BlackBoxVoting.ORG
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The U.S. presidential election of 1992 featured a three-way battle between Republican George Bush, the incumbent President; Democrat Bill Clinton, the governor of Arkansas; and independent candidate Ross Perot, a Texas businessman. Bush had alienated much of his conservative base by breaking his 1988 campaign pledge against raising taxes, the economy had sunk into recession, and the President's perceived best strength, foreign policy, was regarded as much less important following the collapse of the Soviet Union and the relatively peaceful climate in the Middle East following the defeat of Iraq in the First Gulf War. Clinton successfully capitalized on the split in the conservative vote between Perot and Bush by running as a centrist New Democrat and won the presidency.
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The first panel of the conference explored the policy consequences of the outcome of the upcoming U.S. presidential election. Nelson Cunningham, senior advisor, Kerry campaign and managing partner at Kissinger McLarty Associates, outlined the four pillars of John Kerry's Latin American foreign policy. These included economic development, support of stronger democracies, free and fair trade, and immigration reform. Otto J. Reich, former director of Western Hemisphere Affairs for the National Security Council under the current Bush Administration, highlighted the advancements made in the region by George W. Bush. He noted the support of leadership in the pursuit of social and political stability and ongoing economic growth have made this possible.
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The result of the Florida U.S. Presidential race was so close that some Democratic Party officials argue that one Florida county's hard-to-use ballot may have unfairly decided the presidency. Critics argue that some voters in Palm Beach County, Fla. might have accidentally voted for Reform Party candidate Pat Buchanan, when they thought they were voting for Al Gore, on a so-called "butterfly ballot". The Democrats are listed second in the left column; but punching a hole in the second circle actually cast a vote for Buchanan.[1]. The Palm Beach Post's review of the discarded ballots showed that 5,330 votes were cast for Gore and Pat Buchanan, compared with only 1,631 for Bush and Buchanan. In response, others point out that the ballot was designed by a Democrat, Theresa Lapore who would not have chosen party affiliation if the county had not historically chosen Democrats for her position. The ballot was ... approved by a representative of both major parties. But neither of these responses go to the issue of whether the ballot may have inadvertently cost Gore the election.
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In order to paint a concise picture of the role religion played in the 2004 U.S. presidential election, statistics - as imperfect as they are - are the most scientific vehicles to arrive at a conclusion most representing the truth. For elections themselves in their processes are nothing but surveys on a massive scale and with a direct effect. From the numbers given by the two statistics presented here, it is vivid that religion indeed did have its impact on the outcome of the election. There seems to be a split not so much between religious denominations, but between the more conservatively devout and those practising their faith in a more modernist and liberal way. Both Democrats and Republicans recognised this and consequently tried to mobilise their respective constituencies while at the same time winning swing-voters from others. Senator Kerry hired a “director of religious outreach” (an evangelical no less), while Bush’s campaign apparatus staged a “Catholic Outreach Tour” and consulted, among others, the Rev. Richard Land.
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