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Urban Poverty: Women
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The state of urban poverty is reflected in its magnitude, estimated at 80 million (upto 40% of the total urban population) and in data reflecting poor health and education indicators; poor sanitation and housing. The status of women as reported in the country paper for Beijing adds to the scenario noting that women (in India) constitute the largest section of the population living in poverty. The Report further notes that their role in decision making is low; with patriarchal values reinforced through tradition, religion and other socio-political institutions. Women's participation in the work force has been limited; with a general lack of access to credit all together contributing to an intergenerational cycle of poverty and deprivation.
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Efforts to reduce urban poverty are increasingly driven by the urban poor themselves, supported by local NGOs. Among the best know examples are the savings and credit schemes and housing programmes of the National Slum Dwellers Federation and Mahila Milan/cooperatives of women pavement dwellers in India, supported by the Indian NGO SPARC, and the South African Homeless People's Federation and the supporting NGO, People's Dialogue on Land and Shelter.
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