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Ukraine: Russia,Ukraine
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An independent Ukraine emerged only late in the 20th century, after long periods of successive domination by Poland-Lithuania, Russia, and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics. From 1922 to 1991 Ukraine formed part of the latter under the name Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic. With the unraveling of the Soviet Union in 1990–91... the Ukrainian S.S.R.'s legislature declared sovereignty (July 16, 1990) and then declared outright independence (Aug. 24, 1991), a move that was confirmed by popular approval in a plebiscite soon afterward. With the dissolution of the Soviet Union itself in December 1991, Ukraine gained full independence. The country changed its official name to Ukraine, and it helped found the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS).
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Ukraine, with 47 million people, consumes 76 bcm of gas annually. Half of that is imported from Turkmenistan through Russia, 20 bcm is extracted in Ukraine and another 16 bcm comes from Russian producers.
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Gazprom said only gas sent from Russia, which makes up around 25% of Ukraine's total supply, would be affected. Kiev played down the threats, claiming assurances from Moscow that Russian gas exports would not be affected. Gazprom has assured the rest of Europe that the dispute will not affect their supplies, which come through Ukraine.
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Ukraine is situated in the southeastern part of Central Europe and has its own territory, government, national emblem, flag and anthem. It borders on Russia, Byelorussia, Moldova, Slovakia, Romania, Hungary and Poland on land and Russia, Georgia, Bulgaria, Romania and Turkey by sea.
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After Ukraine's dispute with Russia over gas prices earlier this year led to supply disruptions in Europe, the European Union began taking another look at its heavy dependence on Russian supplies. Poland, which receives most of its supplies from Russia, has taken a leading role in pushing for a kind of Euro-Atlantic energy security pact that would guarantee vital supplies of gas and oil. Poland has suggested the pact could encompass EU or NATO countries.
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The VimpelCom Group includes companies operating in Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Georgia and Armenia. The VimpelCom Group's GSM and 3G license portfolio covers a territory with a population of about 250 million. This includes the entire territories of Russia, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Georgia and Armenia. VimpelCom was the first Russian company to list its shares on the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE"). VimpelCom's ADSs are listed on the NYSE under the symbol "VIP".
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