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Turkey: United States
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The profile of Turkey has been greatly improved due to a large increase in media exposure, Turkey property is in great demand and Turkey itself is at the start of a predicted property boom. Turkey's current status as a candidate for membership of the EU with likely inclusion as a full member in the near future has added to the overwhelming interest in properties in Turkey.
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In March 2003, Turkey halted gas imports from Blue Stream for six months, with a Botas official stating simply that "we don't need the gas right now." In November 2003, Russia's Gazprom announced that it had resolved its dispute with Turkey, reportedly agreeing on a new, "competitive" price for Blue Stream gas somewhere between the old price ($3.20 per million Btu) and Botas' desired price ($2.08 per million Btu). By 2009, Blue Stream had been expected to reach peak capacity of 565 Bcf per year, but this is now somewhat doubtful given Turkey's lower gas demand forecasts. Over the course of the 25-year agreement signed in December 1997, Turkey was to import 14.1 Tcf of natural gas from Russia via Blue Stream, with the pipeline eventually extended to other Mediterranean countries, including Greece.
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At the death (1938) of Kemal, Turkey was well on its way to becoming a state on the Western model. In the economic field, Kemal aimed at obtaining self-sufficiency for Turkey without the aid of foreign capital. Foreign investors had virtually taken over the finances of the Ottoman Empire, and one of the major problems of the Turkish republic was to pay off the old Ottoman debt; the refusal of foreign loans ... was a basic point in Kemal's nationalist program. The difficulties of establishing basic heavy industries without foreign investment and in the absence of much domestic capital required the government to assume a large role, and state ownership became the rule in the new industries.
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Turkey entered World War II on the Allied side until shortly before the war ended, becoming a charter member of the United Nations. Difficulties faced by Greece after World War II in quelling a communist rebellion and demands by the Soviet Union for military bases in the Turkish Straits prompted the United States to declare the Truman Doctrine in 1947. The doctrine enunciated American intentions to guarantee the security of Turkey and Greece and resulted in large scale U.S. military and economic aid under the Marshall Plan. After participating with United Nations forces in the Korean conflict, Turkey in 1952 joined the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). Turkey is currently a European Union candidate.
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In an effort to make itself more attractive for potential EU membership, Turkey has begun revamping some of its repressive laws and policies. In 2003, its parliament passed a law reducing the military's role in political life and offered partial amnesty to PKK members, many of whom have sought refuge in northern Iraq. In 2004, Turkish state television broadcast the first Kurdish language program and the government freed four Kurdish activists from prison. Turkey ... abolished the death penalty in all but exceptional cases.
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Turkey maintains an embassy in the United States at 2525 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008, tel. (202) 612-6700. Consulates general in Chicago (360 N. Michigan Ave., Suite 1405, Chicago, IL 60601, tel: 312-263-0644, ext. 28); Los Angeles (4801 Wilshire Blvd., Suite 310, Los Angeles, CA 90010, tel: 323-937-0118); New York (821 United Nations Plaza, New York, NY 10017, tel: 212-949-0160); and Houston (1990 Post Oak Blvd., Suite 1300, Houston, TX 77056, tel: 713-622-5849). The Permanent Representative of Turkey to the United Nations is located on 821 United Nations Plaza, 10th floor, New York, NY 10017, tel: 212-949-0150.
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