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Turing Test
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The Turing Test is a hypothetical test for determining whether or not a machine intelligence can converse like a human. The test is named after WWII-era computer genius Alan Turing, who made it up. The Turing Test is an anthropocentric test -- that is, it doesn't test for intelligence in general, but merely the capacity to converse like a human being. The early, now refuted, implication was that the test measured objective intelligence. However, there could potentially be an Artificial Intelligence that merely doesn't speak human languages or understand human conversation.
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The Turing Test was an interrogator interacting in a limited with candidates attempting to “pass” the test by “passing” as intelligent for some significant length of time. Turing posited this intelligence not as an intrinsic quality, but as something granted once the interrogator rendered judgment in accordance with an arbitrary set of criteria. I’ve tried to frame this as an assertion made by a man who had experienced how appearances (and the reception of appearances) functioned in the construction of gender and sexual identity. While this does not prove that he harbored some hidden program of postmodern identity that I must now elaborate for him, I hope it indicates the position from which he theorized, and perhaps the sympathies of his theoretical productions to my current program of appropriation.
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The Turing Test has three participants -- two subjects and a judge. One of the subjects is a person and the other is a computer. Both subjects are hidden from the view of the judge. They communicate with the judge via text-only channels. The role of the judge is to determine which text channel corresponds to the human and which corresponds to the computer. If the judge cannot determine this, then the computer passes the test.
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May 29, 2007: Turing Test opera heads for Edinburgh fringe. By Ian Williams. vnunet.com. "Julian Wagstaff's opera is described as a story of 'lust, betrayal and academic rivalry' set in the world of artificial intelligence. It was inspired by a display in the Massachusetts Institute of Technology museum in Boston about English mathematician Alan Turing's test for human-level intelligence in a computer. Wagstaff is ... co-author of the Guitarmaster music transcription software application."
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The phrase “The Turing Test” is sometimes used more generally to refer to some kinds of behavioural tests for the presence of mind, or thought, or intelligence in putatively minded entities. So, for example, it is sometimes suggested that The Turing Test is prefigured in Descartes' Discourse on the Method. (Copeland (2000:527) finds an anticipation of the test in the 1668 writings of the Cartesian de Cordemoy. Gunderson (1964) provides an early instance of those who find that Turing's work is foreshadowed in the work of Descartes.) In the Discourse, Descartes says:
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The Turing Test was proposed by Alan Turing in the journal Mind in 1950. It is a test of artificial intelligence where someone asks questions through a text interface and decides if he is speaking to another person or a program. Many posters on Usenet fail this test. Those are known as kooks.
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Turing Test