LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Trimethoprim: Patients
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Trimethoprim is an anti-bacterial used to treat and/or prevent urinary tract infections and to treat Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP) in AIDS and other high-risk patients. Combined with sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim is used to treat infections of the airway such as chronic bronchitis and sinusitis. The combination is ... used to treat ear infections, travelers' diarrhea, and shigellosis.
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CHRONIC: Use of Trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole at high doses and/or for extended periods of time may cause bone marrow depression manifested as thrombocytopenia, leukopenia and/or megaloblastic anemia. If signs of bone marrow depression occur, the patient should be given leucovorin 5 to 15 mg daily until normal hematopoiesis is restored.
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Stop using Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole after your prescription has finished. Although an LD50 for humans has not been determined, there has been reported bone marrow depletion in patients who use Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole over long periods of time.
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Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole is frequently prescribed because of its spectrum of antimicrobial activity and low cost. Hyperkalemia is a well known result of high dose trimethoprim therapy in patient with acquired immune deficiency syndrome. A few cases of hyperkalemia have been reported in patients taking standard doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole. Alappan and colleagues did a prospective chart review of 105 patients with various infections. Eighty patients treated with standard doses of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole were the treatment group and 25 patients treated with other antibiotics constituted the control group. They found that patients treated with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole had significantly higher serum potassium concentrations than those treated with other antibiotics.
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Trimethoprim, used as monotherapy, is indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections (cystitis). Co-trimoxazole, owing to its greater efficacy, is indicated for a wider range of infections. For example, it is used as prophylaxis in patients at risk for Pneumocystis jiroveci pneumonia (eg. AIDS patients and those with some hematological malignancies), as therapy in Whipple's disease and certain other infections.
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Trimethoprim, used as monotherapy, is indicated for the prophylaxis and treatment of urinary tract infections (cystitis). Co-trimoxazole, with its greater efficacy against a limited number of bacteria, remains indicated for some infections; for example, it is used as prophylaxis in patients at risk for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (e.g. AIDS patients and those with some hematological malignancies) and as therapy in Whipple's disease.
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