LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Trimethoprim: Drugs
built 607 days ago
Trimethoprim is an effective antibiotic that becomes even more effective when combined with a sulfonamide (sulfa drug), such as sulfadiazine and sulfamethoxazole. The combination exhibits a greater spectrum of activity against microorganisms that cause infectious disease. The addition of trimethoprim to a sulfa drug forms a potentiated sulfa. Trimethoprim plus sulfadiazine and trimethoprim plus sulfamethoxazole are the most often-used combinations in veterinary medicine. These are similar in antibiotic function and may be used interchangeably. Trimethoprim-sulfa can kill a variety of bacteria.
Source:
Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, sulfadiazine, pentamidine, ampicillin and acyclovir are the drugs most often associated with drug eruptions. Thiacetazone has ... been incriminated. Corticosteroids should only be given in life-threatening situations. b ; Prurigo can be very disabling. Sometimes antihistamines, e.g. diphenhydramine, 50-mg tablets every 6 hours may be helpful. c ; The application is left on the skin to dry and then repeated the next day.
Source:
- Trimethoprim/sulfa may prolong the clotting times in patients receiving coumarin (warfarin) anticoagulants. Sulfonamides may displace other highly bound drugs, such as methotrexate, phenylbutazone, thiazide diuretics, salicylates, probenicid and phenytoin. Although the clinical significance of these interactions is not entirely clear, patients should be monitored for enhanced effects of the displaced agents. Antacids may decrease the bioavailability of sulfonamides if administered concurrently. Trimethoprim may decrease the therapeutic effect of cyclosporine (systemic) and increase the risk of nephrotoxicity developing.
Source:
Trimethoprim may cause a depression of haematopoiesis due to interference of the drug in the metabolism of folic acid, particularly when given over a prolonged period or in high doses. This may manifest as megaloblastic anaemia, or as thrombocytopenia and leucopenia; methaemoglobinaemia has ... been seen. Calcium folinate 5 to 15mg daily by mouth may be given to counter this effect. Trimethoprim is teratogenic in animals.
Source:
Trimethoprim/sulfa is well distributed in the body. When meninges are inflamed, the drugs enter the CSF in levels of about 50% of those found in the serum. Both drugs cross the placenta and are distributed into milk. The volume of distribution for trimethoprim in various species are: 1.49 L/kg (dogs), and 0.59-1.51 L/kg (horses). The volume of distribution for sulfadiazine in dogs is 1.02 L/kg.
Source:
Trimethoprim should not be given to patients with a history of hypersensitivity to the drug, and it should be discontinued if a skin rash appears. Care is necessary in administering trimethoprim to patients with impaired renal function to avoid accumulation and toxicity: it should not be given in severe renal impairment unless blood concentrations can be monitored. It should be used with caution in patients with severe hepatic damage as changes may occur in the absorption and metabolism of trimethoprim.
Source:
MORE ABOUT
Drugs