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Transmission Control Protocol: Tcp/Ip
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TCP stands for Transmission Control Protocol and is one of the main protocols used for data transmission over the Internet and LANs. It works together with the IP protocol to make the well-known TCP/IP protocol suite.
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By convention, TCP/IP is used to refer to a suite of protocols, all based on the Internet Protocol (IP). Unlike a single local network, where every system is directly connected to each other, an internet is a collection of networks, combined into a single, virtual network. The Internet Protocol provides the means by which any system on any network can communicate with another as easily as if they were on the same physical network. Each system, commonly referred to as a host, is assigned a unique 32-bit number which can be used to identify it over the network. Typically, this address is broken into four 8-bit numbers separated by periods. This is called dot-notation, and looks something like "192.43.19.64".
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Its first implementation was amazingly successful, and it is still THE protocol of the Internet. In fact, it has grown even more, and is being used in private networks around the world. TCP/IP is a suite of communications protocols that allows communication between groups of dissimilar computer systems from a variety of vendors. It scales better than NetBEUI because NetBEUI is not routable, and beat out IPX/SPX as it was easier to route than that once-dominant protocol.
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TCP is the connection-oriented transport protocol in the TCP/IP protocol suite. TCP attempts to make connections reliable through the use of positive acknowledgement with retransmission – a system where acknowledgements are required for all data sent. If the sending host does not receive these acknowledgements, retransmission eventually occurs. Sequence numbers are assigned to segments to be sure that they are assembled in the correct order at the receiving system. Flow control is handled through buffering techniques such as the use of sliding windows.
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Because Internet protocols define the unit of transmission and specify how to send it, TCP/IP can hide the details of network hardware, allowing many types of network technologies to connect and exchange information. Internet addresses allow any machine on the network to communicate with any other machine on the network. TCP/IP ... provides standards for many of the communications services that users need.
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TCP is a subset of the Internet protocol suite, which is often called TCP/IP, although the acronym TCP/IP refers to only two of the many protocols in the Internet protocol suite. Still, most people refer to the Internet protocols as TCP/IP and that style is retained here. For a description of the entire suite, refer to "Internet Protocol Suite."
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Tcp/Ip