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Tinnitus
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Tinnitus is a symptom that requires further investigation to determine origin. Often, the origin may be a sensorineural hearing loss. Certain types of tinnitus signify other problems. Unilateral or pulsatile tinnitus and tinnitus associated with vertigo or conductive hearing losses are examples. Tinnitus therapy is as multifaceted as the origins of tinnitus. Choose therapy, therefore, with individual symptoms and problems in mind.
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Tinnitus is a symptom of an underlying disease or specific lesion when it is perceived above the intensity levels of environmental sounds. It may be the first symptom that brings the patient to a neurologist. The complaint may be an early symptom of a tumor in the internal auditory meatus or in the cerebellopontine angle, a glomus tumor, or a vascular abnormality in the temporal bone or skull. Because tinnitus may be a characteristic symptom of a number of disorders, a complete medical and audiological evaluation is an important initial step in the management process.
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Tinnitus has many possible causes (Table 1). A thorough history and physical examination should be directed at ruling out serious disorders. In general, pulsatile tinnitus, unilateral tinnitus, and tinnitus associated with other unilateral otologic symptoms represent potentially more serious underlying disease than bilateral tinnitus.8
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Tinnitus can have many different causes, but most commonly results from otologic disorders - the same conditions that cause hearing loss. The most common cause is noise-induced hearing loss, resulting from exposure to excessive or loud noises. Ototoxic drugs can cause tinnitus either secondary to hearing loss or without hearing loss, and may increase the damage done by exposure to loud noise, even at doses that are not in themselves ototoxic.[13]
t-faq logo Where did the medical advice in the Tinnitus FAQ come from? It came from contributors who suffer, or know individuals suffering, from tinnitus. Except for some, the contributors to the Tinnitus FAQ are not physicians. Contributor advice that cannot be confirmed in tinnitus books written by medical personnel (doctors, researchers) is labelled anecdotal. Use any of information in the Tinnitus FAQ, anecdotal or not, is strictly at the reader's own risk.
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The American Tinnitus Association supports legislation that improves recognition of and compensation for tinnitus experienced by Veterans. Back in 2002, the American Tinnitus Association strongly supported legislation that would require the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) to contract with the National Academy of Sciences to assess noise-induced hearing loss and tinnitus associated with military service from World War II to the present. Congress passed this law in December of that year.
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