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Tinnitus: Hearing Loss
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Tinnitus has often been misunderstood. Ongoing public relations efforts are necessary to educate the public. Former President Carter's wife, Rosalyn Carter (who has a hearing loss and tinnitus), became a prominent spokesperson for tinnitus in public service announcements from the Better Hearing Institute.
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Tinnitus may occur with hearing loss. Occasionally, it is a sign of high blood pressure, an allergy, or anemia. Rarely, tinnitus is a sign of a serious problem like a tumor or aneurysm.
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"If this tinnitus would stop, I could hear better!" is a common comment from patients with mild or moderate hearing loss. Patients often perceive no hearing loss and think that their tinnitus alone interferes with hearing. Improvement in the overall situation can be achieved by directing attention to the underlying problem (hearing loss). Characteristics of hearing loss have been studied and show no correlation with successful hearing aid use. Common sense suggests that residual inhibition characteristics of tinnitus and hearing loss determine which patients would be helped by hearing aids.
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Otologic disorders are the most common cause of subjective tinnitus.2,9 Most cases of tinnitus result from the same conditions that cause hearing loss. There are two types of hearing loss: conductive and sensorineural. Conductive hearing loss is caused by the inhibition of sound transmission to the inner ear. This inhibition may be caused by cerumen impaction, swelling of the external auditory canal from otitis externa, tympanic membrane perforation, middle ear fluid, or abnormalities of the ossicular bone chain, such as otosclerosis.10
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Hearing Aids sometimes help reduce the annoyance of tinnitus by bringing environmental sounds into the picture. Often, when tinnitus is accompanied by hearing loss, the normal sounds of everyday life are missing, leaving only the tinnitus for the patient to hear. Once the patient can hear background sounds better, the tinnitus may be much less bothersome.
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Several of the findings indicated a relatively strong relationship between craniomandibular disorders, tinnitus, and subjective hearing loss. The prevalence of frequent headaches and fatigue, or even tension in jaw muscles, was higher in tinnitus patients than would have been expected even if these conditions were unrelated. Approximately one-third of the individuals suffering from tinnitus reported an influence on tinnitus by jaw movements, or pressure on the TMJoint.
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Hearing Loss