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Timucua Indians
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Once inhabited by Timucua Indians, Largo, Florida is now the third largest city in Pinellas County. This city of progress is proud home to Largo Central Park, the Largo Cultural Center and the new Largo Public Library.
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The Timucua Indians of Florida once lived in a small settlement near modern Gainesville, on the edge of a beautiful 250 acre lake. The Timucua word for their palmetto thatched houses, Kanapaha, is now the namesake of that lake and the surrounding area. Today, visitors to nearby Kanapaha Botanical Gardens enjoy one of Florida's largest collections of exotic plant life.
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This April, Weitzel (author of children’s books Journeys with Florida’s Indians and The Timucua Indians - A Native American Detective Story) was awarded a $500 mini-grant by the Jacksonville Earth Day Committee to help build environmental awareness through Florida literature. The grant funded two Florida Fiction Kits: one for elementary (3rd-5th) and one for middle grade (6th-8th) students. Along with the Florida fictions themselves, the Kits include a Teacher Index which details each book’s period in history, geographical region, habitats, cultures, social issues, science topics, and more. Curricula, activity sheets, and even Kid-Friendly “Choose A Book†Guides (which share each main character’s gender, hobbies, and pets) round out this free resource. Weitzel adds that “Kids can’t help learning about Florida’s environments when they read books set in their home state. Florida Fictions Kits will make teachers’ jobs easier and students’ jobs more fun.â€
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In Spanish Florida, Timucua Indians became incorporated into the Spanish colony there. In return for accepting limited forms of Christianity, the Timucua received protections from the Spanish that surrounding Indians did not receive. Living within Spanish colonies protected some Indians from the most horrific forms of Spanish colonization, particularly slavery. The profitable mines of northern Mexico continuously hungered for Indian labor, and the Spanish enslaved many Southwestern Native Americans to work in Mexican mines.
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The larger Native American groups of the Southeast culture area included the Alabama, Caddo, Catawba, Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Coushatta, Creek, Natchez, Timucua, Yamasee, and Yuchi. Also important were the Seminole—a post-contact offshoot of mostly Creek. There were many other tribes as well, a great number of them now extinct. Many Southeast peoples spoke languages in the Muskogean family. Scholars have identified at least 48 distinct Muskogean-speaking tribes at the time of European contact. In addition to Muskogean, language families of the Southeast included Siouan, Iroquoian, Caddoan, Timucuan, and Tunican.
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The Timucua were sedentary and semi-agricultural, but depended largely upon game, fish, wild fruits, and bread prepared from the starchy koonti root. Their houses were circular, of upright poles, thatched with palmetto leaves, and with granaries elevated on stakes to keep them out of reach of wild animals. Their villages were strongly stockaded and each important settlement had a large central town-house of logs, for tribal ceremonies and the reception of guests. They had large dug-out canoes. Their pottery, the work of the women, was of the finest type found east of the Mississippi. The principal weapon of the warriors was the bow, and a sort of spade-shaped club of hard wood.
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Timucua Indians