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Theodore Roosevelt: President Theodore Roosevelt
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Theodore Roosevelt was no longer President of the United States when the Boy Scouts of America was started in 1910. But he was an ardent booster of the organization. He was a troop committeeman of Troop 39, Oyster Bay, N.Y., and first council commissioner of Nassau County Council. As a former President he was elected an Honorary Vice-President of the Boy Scouts of America. He was the first and only man designated as the "Chief Scout Citizen." For many years after his death in 1919, several thousand Scouts and leaders in the New York area made annual pilgrimages to his grave in Oyster Bay.
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Theodore Roosevelt was the fifth Vice President to succeed to the office of President, but the first to win election in his own right. (Millard Fillmore ran and lost on a third-party ticket four years after leaving office and Chester Arthur was denied nomination by his party in 1884). After Senator Mark Hanna, McKinley's old campaign manager, died in February 1904, there was no one in the Republican Party to oppose Roosevelt and he easily won the nomination. When an effort to draft former president Grover Cleveland failed, the Democrats were without a candidate and finally settled on obscure New York judge Alton B. Parker. The outcome was never in doubt. Roosevelt crushed Parker 56%-38% in the popular vote and 336-140 in the Electoral College, sweeping the country outside the perennially Democratic Solid South.
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In 1904, Theodore Roosevelt won the Presidency by a landslide. He summed up his victory by stating, "I am no longer a political accident." (Theodore Roosevelt National Park summary document.) TR brought new excitement and power to the Presidency. He vigorously led Congress and the American public toward new reforms and a strong foreign policy. As President, he considered himself a "steward of the people." He felt it was his duty to take whatever actions necessary for the public good — unless expressly forbidden by law or the Constitution.
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In any poll of historians or American citizens Theodore Roosevelt (1858-1919) ranks among the top five of presidents of the United States. He is certainly one of the two or three most colorful individuals who ever held the highest office. The mere mention of his name inspires smiles and, often enough, imitations of his toothy falsetto. Roosevelt is an American giant—smaller in achievement, perhaps, but greater in American mythology than his distant cousin Franklin. Indeed FDR’s New Deal was in many respects a working out of ideas that were formulated during the later phases of Theodore Roosevelt’s career—particularly during the Bull Moose Party era that began in 1912.
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Theodore Roosevelt was born in New York City on Oct. 27, 1858. A Harvard graduate, he was early interested in ranching, in politics, and in writing picaresque historical narratives. He was a Republican member of the New York Assembly in 1882–84, an unsuccessful candidate for mayor of New York in 1886, a U.S. civil service commissioner under Benjamin Harrison, police commissioner of New York City in 1895, and assistant secretary of the Navy under McKinley in 1897. He resigned in 1898 to help organize a volunteer regiment, the Rough Riders, and take a more direct part in the war with Spain. He was elected governor of New York in 1898 and vice president in 1900, in spite of lack of enthusiasm on the part of the bosses.
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"That damned cowboy is president of the United States," exclaimed Senator Mark Hanna, Republic of Ohio, when Theodore Roosevelt was sworn in after the assassination of William McKinley in 1901. Hanna, McKinley's campaign manager, had been less than enthusiastic about his candidate's running mate. At the age of 42, Roosevelt was the youngest president to serve in the office (John F. Kennedy was the youngest to be elected). At one stage in his amazingly varied young life he had been a rancher, but he had ... been a naturalist; an athlete who rowed, hiked, played tennis and polo, and boxed (after a severe boxing injury he took up judo); a world traveler; a soldier; civil service reformer; head of the New York City police; governor of New York state, and vice president of the United States. It is a dizzying list of activities.
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President Theodore Roosevelt