LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Theodicy: World
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The term theodicy refers to a justification of the ways of God, the proof that—despite what might appear to be the case—God's justice governs the world order. The need for such a proof comes about by reason of the character of monotheism . For, while a religion of numerous gods finds many solutions to one problem, a religion of only one God presents one to many. Life is seldom fair. Rules rarely work. To explain the reason why, polytheisms adduce multiple causes of chaos, a god per anomaly. Diverse gods do various things, so, it stands to reason, outcomes conflict.
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The infant mortality/developmentally challenged theodicy appears to have been an ad hoc explanation by Joseph Smith. He intended to address the Saints on the subject of baptism, but a women brought the corpse of her newly dead child to the meeting. Seeing the child, Joseph spoke extemporaneously noting that it was then a time, unlike other times in the history of the world, that the Lord would take some of his most righteous spirits in their infancy to spare them the burden of mortality:
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The conversation between Cain and Abel revolves around two issues, providence and theodicy. Cain denies that God acts providentially, that is, benignly and fairly: "The world was not created by love and is not governed according to the fruit of good deeds." And like others who attacked the notion of providence, Cain cites injustice as his evidence against divine providence: "There is favor in Judgement."(44) Conversely, Abel defends providence.
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