LYCOS RETRIEVER 
The Penguins: Antarctica
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Penguins are flightless, aquatic birds, which live in the southern oceans in climates as varied as Antarctica and the Galapagos Islands on the equator. There are seventeen species in all but the African Penguin is the only one to inhabit the African continent and its inshore islands. It used to be known as the Jackass Penguin, on account of the braying sounds which it makes on land, but the name 'African Penguin' has now been adopted to distinguish it from the Jackass Penguin found in South America, which is slightly different in appearance and behaviour. Another name that is occasionally used is the Blackfooted Penguin. The closest relatives of the African penguin are, in fact, the Humboldt and Magellanic penguins of South America and the Galapagos penguins of the Galapagos Islands off the coast of Ecuador. Penguins are ancient birds, probably evolving about 65 million years ago, at the time that dinosaurs became extinct.
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Penguins will not cross warm ocean water; therefore, they are all found in nature south of the equator. The Galapagos penguin lives the farthest north, near the equator in the cold waters around the islands of the same name. Eight other species of penguins make their home among the islands near New Zealand and Australia. Three species inhabit the coast of South America, and one type lives near southern Africa. Six species live far to the south, in the icy waters near Antarctica.
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There are 17 species of penguins in the world. They range throughout much of the southern hemisphere from Antarctica to the Galapagos Islands. The three species living at the Detroit Zoo include king, macaroni and rockhopper, all of which are sub-Antarctic species. These species require colder temperatures and, as a result, the Detroit Zoo maintains extensive life-support equipment for this facility.
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The film opens with Emperor penguins trekking 70 miles across the harsh and barren landscape that is Antarctica in order to partake in an unimaginable ritual. For 7 months, the penguins will go without food and without warmth with one goal in mind. To create life. It's hard to imagine the chain of events that led to this ritual. Surely there were easier ways to reproduce. Anywhere seems better than a frozen wasteland.
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Penguins are a group of flightless seabirds found in the Southern Hemisphere. The greatest number is found on the coasts of Antarctica and on the subantarctic islands. Some penguin species live as far north as the Galapagos Islands on the Equator and the subtropical coasts of South America, South Africa and Australia.
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There are 17 species of penguins some of which are found as far north as the equator. Penguins are categorized into three families: brush-tail, crested, and king/emperor penguins. Of the 17 species only six are found in Antarctica (Adélies, Chinstraps, Emperors, Gentoos, Macaronis, and Rockhoppers).
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