LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Taiwan: United States
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From 1949 until 1991, the authorities on Taiwan claimed to be the sole legitimate government of all of China, including the mainland. In keeping with that claim, when the nationalists moved to Taiwan in 1949, they re-established the full array of central political bodies, which had existed on the mainland. While much of this structure remains in place, the authorities on Taiwan in 1991 abandoned their claim of governing mainland China, stating that they do not "dispute the fact that the P.R.C. controls mainland China."
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Political Structure Taiwan's official name is the Republic of China. A representative democracy has emerged from its former one-party state. The government is an informal coalition led by the Democratic Progressive Party (DPP), the largest party in the Legislative Yuan.
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The number of countries with which Taiwan has diplomatic relations now numbers 23 (12 in Latin America, four in Africa, six in the Pacific and one in Europe - The Holy See). Taiwan has representative offices in over 60 countries, without diplomatic status. China has opposed Taiwan's participation in international organisations for which statehood is a prerequisite. It has sought to limit Taiwan's participation in other international organisations, insisting it do so under a name other than the 'Republic of China'. Taiwan is a member of APEC and the ADB under the titles 'Chinese Taipei' and 'Taipei, China' respectively, and joined the WTO in 2002 under the title 'The Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu', or Chinese Taipei for short.
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Taiwan does not have its own natural reserves of nuclear raw materials and actively cooperates with other countries in searching for and exploring uranium deposits. A five-year agreement between a Taiwanese and an American firm on joint development of uranium ore in the United States was signed in 1985. That same year a contract was signed with the Republic of South Africa for a 10-year supply of uranium from that country.
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Tension between China and Taiwan intensifies, when China passes an anti-secession law that says the country can use force if Taiwan moves toward achieving independence. "The state shall employ non-peaceful means and other necessary measures to protect China's sovereignty and territorial integrity," the legislation says. Taiwan president Chen Shui-bian calls the bill a "law of aggression."
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The People's Republic of China replaced Taiwan at the United Nations in 1971, and Taiwan's diplomatic position has continued to erode, as many countries changed their official recognition from Taipei to Beijing. As of September 2007, Taiwan had formal diplomatic ties with 24 countries. At the same time, Taiwan has cultivated informal ties with most countries to offset its diplomatic isolation and to expand its economic relations. A number of nations have set up unofficial organizations to carry out commercial and other relations with Taiwan. Including its official overseas missions and its unofficial representative and/or trade offices, Taiwan is represented in 122 countries. Recently, Taiwan has lobbied strongly for admission into the United Nations and other international organizations, such as the World Health Organization (WHO).
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