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Syria: Ancient Syria
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Ancient Syria, one of the relatively few territories whose name has remained virtually unchanged throughout history... roughly corresponds to the size of the modern country of the same name. The region was initially dominated by the Hittite culture and fell under the influence of various others such as the Amorites, Egyptians, Assyrians, Babylonians and Persians. While it was influenced by these cultures, and conducted considerable profitable trade with each, it was also home to one of the ancient world's highly advanced peoples.
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Syria remains a land to be discovered. This fascinating country, stretching from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea to beyond the Euphrates River, is extraordinarily rich in historical sites. And these ancient sites are refreshingly free of commercial ventures with an atmosphere of uncluttered authenticity no longer present at more well-trodden historical locations. Stately Roman ruins, ornately-painted Byzantine basilicas, awe-inspiring fortress-castles built by the Crusaders, and elegant Ottoman turbas (tombs) - all and more abound in this ancient land.
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Syria is home to some of the most spectacular ancient and classical sites in the world. From the Crusaders castles to the Roman theaters, there are plenty of opportunities for sight-seeing and exploring. For outdoor enthusiast, Syria has fantastic trekking and cycling opportunities. The hospitality of the Syrian people is well known and that hospitality definitely extends into the hotel industry. Whether you stay at an upmarket accommodation or a more modest accommodation, you are sure to receive highest level of service.
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During the second millennium BC, Syria was occupied successively by Canaanites, Phoenicians, and Arameans as part of the general disruptions and exchanges associated with the Sea Peoples. The Hebrews eventually settled south of Damascus, in the areas later known as Israel and Judah; the Phoenicians settled along the coast of Israel, as well as in the west (Lebanon), which was already known for its cedars. Egyptians, Sumerians, Assyrians, Babylonians and Hittites variously occupied the strategic ground of Syria during this period; the land between their various empires being marsh. Eventually, the Persians took Syria as part of their hegemony of Southwest Asia; this dominion was transferred to the Ancient Macedonians after Alexander the Great's conquests and, thence, to the Romans and the Byzantines.[5]
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Ancient Syria covered land that is today inhabited by Israel, Jordan, Lebanon and Syria. The land was frequently used as a clashing point for East and West. Arab and Christian armies made Syria a battleground in their many wars over the years.
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Archaeologists have demonstrated that Syria was the center of one of the most ancient kind of civilizations on earth. Around the excavated city of Ebla in north-eastern Syria, discovered in 1975, a great Semitic empire spread from the Red Sea north to Turkey and east to Mesopotamia from 2500 to 2400 B.C. Scholars believe the language of Ebla to be the oldest recorded Semitic language. At Ebla (Tel Merdikh), a royal palace was discovered containing one of the largest and most comprehensive archives of the ancient world. Ebla's archive consists of more than 17,000 clay tablets dealing with matters of industry, diplomacy, trade, art, and agriculture. Ebla became world-famous for two industries- the manufacture of silk cloth of gold, and that of finely carved wood, inlaid with ivory and mother of pearls. Today these industries still prosper, with Syrian brocade and mosaics fashioned according to the artisan tradition of ancient Ebla.
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Ancient Syria