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Swaziland: Countries
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Located in southeastern Africa, the kingdom of Swaziland is one of the smallest countries on that continent. The landlocked nation is surrounded by South Africa, except for its eastern border with Mozambique. Oval in shape, it covers an area of 6,704 square miles (17,364 square kilometers).
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The governments of Swaziland and Lesotho responded enthusiastically to solicitations of interest and worked diligently to identify suitable in-country partners and sites for construction of centers. Baylor's recommendation to the Bristol-Myers Squibb Foundation to fund construction of centers in Mbabane, Swaziland and Maseru, Lesotho was accepted, and formal groundbreaking ceremonies were held at the sites in late October.
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Swaziland’s programme for the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) was launched in 2003, with the target of integrating PMTCT services in all health facilities that offered antenatal care. By the end of 2004, there were 16 PMTCT sites throughout the country; this increased to 44 in September 2005.
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Did Swaziland learn nothing from last year's devastating drought? Some relief agencies and agricultural officials are shaking their heads in dismay that 2007's devastating crop failures did not spark reform in the way land is utilised in this small country of less than one million people.
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Ama-Swazi tribes are believed to have occupied the country now known as Swaziland from the period of the invasion of South East Africa by the Bantu peoples. They were formerly called Ba-Rapuza or Barabuza after a chief under whom in the 18th century they acquired homogeneity. In the early part of the 19th century they fell under the dominion of the newly constituted Zulu nation. In 1843, the year in which the British annexed Natal and with it a part of the country hitherto ruled by the Zulus, the Barabuza, under a chief named Swazi, took advantage of the comparative weakness of the Zulu power, 'achieved independence and founded the present state. According to Kaffir custom they adopted the name of their deliverer. The Boers of the Transvaal were then beginning to occupy the regions adjacent to Swaziland and in 1855 the Swazis in order to get a strip of territory between themselves and the Zulus, whose power they still dreaded, ceded to the Boers the narrow strip of land north of the Pongola river now known as the Piet Retief district.
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A tiny landlocked kingdom, Swaziland lies in the spanner-like grip of South Africa which surrounds it on three sides, with Mozambique providing its eastern border along the Lubombo Mountains. Although South Africa's influence predominates, Swaziland was a British protectorate from 1906 until its full independence in 1968, and today the country offers an intriguing mix of colonial heritage and homegrown confidence, giving the place a friendlier, more relaxed and often safer feeling than its larger neighbour.
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