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Susan B. Anthony: Women
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In 1872, in an attempt to claim that the constitution already permitted women to vote, Susan B. Anthony cast a test vote in Rochester, New York, in the presidential election. She was found guilty, though she refused to pay the resulting fine (and no attempt was made to force her to do so).
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A pioneer of the women's suffrage movement, Susan B. Anthony greatly influenced the creation of the 19th amendment which gave women in the United States the right to vote. Learn more about this influential woman through biographies.
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Anthony was an intelligent young girl who received the best education available at the time. Although she attended a well-regarded boarding school in Philadelphia, she did not enroll in college. In the 1830s, only one college in the United States, Ohio's Oberlin College, accepted women. Even with a college education, Anthony would have faced a limited number of employment opportunities. As a woman, her only options were to become a seamstress, a domestic, or a teacher. Anthony chose teaching and, in 1938, began the first of several teaching jobs.
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Susan was headmistress at a female academy, Eunice Kenyon’s Quaker boarding school in upstate New York from 1846-1849. A friendship with Amelia Bloomer led to a meeting with Elizabeth Cady Stanton who became her lifetime partner in political organizing. In 1849 Susan was elected president of the Rochester branch of the Daughters of Temperance and raised money for its cause. In 1853 Susan was refused the right to speak at the state convention of the Sons of Temperance in Albany. She left the meeting and called her own. In 1853 Susan and Elizabeth Cady Stanton founded the Women’s State Temperance Society with the goal of petitioning the State legislature to pass a law limiting the sale of liquor.
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In 1872, when Susan was 52 years old, she dared to cast her vote at the polls. She based her decision on the 14th amendment to the constitution, adopted in 1868, which stated that all people born in the U.S. were citizens. Susan and a several other women went to the polls and convinced the male workers there to let them cast their votes. A few days later, Susan was arrested. At her trial, Susan sat in an all-male courtroom: the judge was male, the jury was made up of only men, and her attorney was a man. After both sides presented argument, the Judge ruled that Susan was guilty as a matter of law. He never let Susan testify.
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In 1851, on a street in Seneca Falls, Anthony was introduced to Elizabeth Cady Stanton by mutual acquaintance, as well as fellow feminist Amelia Bloomer. Anthony joined with Stanton in organizing the first women's state temperance society in America after being refused admission to a previous convention on account of her sex in 1851. Stanton remained a close friend and colleague of Anthony's for the remainder of their lives, but Stanton longed for a broader, more radical women's rights platform. Together, the two women traversed the United States giving speeches and attempting to persuade the government that society should treat men and women equally.
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