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Sulfur
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Sulfur is a necessary constituent in several amino acids and proteins. Since these are building blocks in the plant, Sulfur becomes fixed into the plant's structure. Therefore, the classic symptom of deficiency is a paleness of the younger foliage. However, many times all of the foliage has a pale green color, and the difference in "paleness" between the older and younger foliage is not easily noticed. This can lead to a misdiagnosis of N deficiency for S deficiency (Nitrogen deficiency symptoms appear on the older leaves first.). In some cases, the leaf veins may be lighterin color than the surrounding tissue.
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Sulfur-deficient plants are generally light green, similar to plants with nitrogen deficiency (Vis. 4), (Vis. 5). The most likely crops to show a sulfur deficiency are those grown on sandy, low organic matter soils in northern Michigan. Legumes, especially alfalfa and others with a high sulfur requirement, will normally be the first crops to respond to sulfur fertilization. Dry edible beans that were not adequately fertilized with nitrogen have been shown to respond to sulfur fertilizer.
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Sulfur has relatively few uses as an element. One of the most important of those uses is in vulcanization. Vulcanization is the process of adding sulfur to rubber to make it stiff and hard. It keeps the rubber from melting as it gets warmer. The discovery of vulcanization by Charles Goodyear (1800-60) in 1839 is one of the greatest industrial accomplishments of modern times.
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Sulfur has 18 isotopes, four of which are stable: 32S (95.02%), 33S (0.75%), 34S (4.21%), and 36S (0.02%). Other than 35S, the radioactive isotopes of sulfur are all short lived. 35S is formed from cosmic ray spallation of 40argon in the atmosphere. It has a half-life of 87 days.
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These five areas of attention (along with poetry and prose by well-known American poets) made up what could be thought of as Sulfur's personality. In a typical 225 page issue, there might be 40 to 60 pages of commentary, several translation and art sections, and one or two archival or resource sections. Weinberger edited a special issue (#33), "Into the Past." Marjorie Perloff and Jenny Penberthy did a special issue on Anglophone Poetry and Poetics Outside the US and UK (#44). James Clifford edited and translated much of a large section on Michel Leiris (#15). Rachel Blau DuPlessis edited three presentations of George Oppen's working papers (in #25, 26, and 27).
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Sulfur, which is given a bad reputation because of its odor, can make a very beautiful mineral specimen, and fine quality examples are much sought after. The unmistakable deep yellow color is not matched by any other mineral and the nicely shaped crystal forms of sulfur add to its attractiveness. As for the odor, this occurs when water mixes with the sulfur and a small amount of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) gas is produced. Although only small amounts of H2S form from just moisture in the air, it is a powerful odor producer and is the dominating contributor to the odor of rotten eggs. Rest assured, though, that most specimens of sulfur, when kept dry, do not emit a strong odor and this is not difficult for collectors of fine sulfur specimens to ensure.
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