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Su-34 (Su-27IB - Istrebitel-Bombardirovshchik) is a two seat ("arm-to-arm") strike variant that first flew in 1990. It features frontal wings and a large flattened nose with sharp edges (like the SR-71) reduce radar cross-section. This new ship-borne fighter is fitted with two AL-31FP engines with vectored thrust. Using them allows either the take-off distance or maximum take-off weight (MTOW) of the aircraft to be increased by 10-15 per cent. The aircraft has a distinctive large "sting" in the rear which contains the NO-14 radiolocation system, a radioelectronic countermeasures system, and a fuel tank. The Su-32 and Su-34 have been developed and are in serial production in Novosibirsk for the Russian Ministry of Defence.
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The dual-seat Su-30"K" has tandem in-line seating for the pilot and co-pilot/weapons officer. The yet improved Su-30"MK", that was first seen with side number "59", is equipped with an off-set IRST dome, similar to the Naval Flanker, and has the inflight refueling probe installed. At Paris 1993, the Su-30"MK" had on its right wing tip an electronic warfare pod, similar to those seen on the Su-35. At Dubai, the pilots admitted that the Su-30"MK" there (No. 59) was not a complete avionics prototype and that it would be in mid 1994 when they expected to fly an actual weapons system configured aircraft. Likewise at Dubai, the regular Su-27 flown by Pugachev was configured with an inflight refueling probe, something not seen on early production Su-27's before.
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The Su-37 represents a new level of capability compared with the Su-27 and Su-35. The Su-37 test aircraft made its maiden flight in April 1996 from the Zhukovsky flight testing center near Moscow. This impressive single-seat all-weather counter-air fighter and ground attack aircraft, derived from the SU-27, has an updated airframe containing a high proportion of carbon-fiber and Al-Li alloy. The engines, avionics and armaments are ... improvements on those originally installed in the SU-27. The AL-37FU engines are configured for thrust vector control, with the axisymmetric steerable thrust vector control nozzle is fixed on a circular turning unit. The steel nozzle in the experimental engines is replaced in production engines by titanium units to reduce the weight of the nozzle.
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Linearly moving along, the Su-27 production life eventually included an operational trainer, designated the Su-27"UB" (T-10U-1), which was first produced in 1985 and introduced to service a year later. The T-10U-2 ... flew in 1985 and the T-10U-3, which was fitted with the first Flanker air-refueling probe, flew in 1986. The dual-seat aircraft were put into series production at the Irkutsk Factory.
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The Su-17 Fitter with its variable sweep wings was developed from the fixed-wing Su-7B. The first public demonstration of it was made in 1969. It was in production for a long time (1970-1990) and many modifications were built. Some of the modifications were Su-17M, Su-17M2, Su-17M3, and the Su-17M4 (low-altitude subsonic bomber), Su-17UM (trainer). It was designed as a fighter-bomber, but it was used mostly as a bomber. The Su-17 remains an effective aircraft with capable avionics and impressive armament.
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Su-27 entered production in 1982 and is in service with Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Indonesia, Uzbekistan and Vietnam, and is built under license in China as the F-11. A variant, the Su-30MK, has been sold to India with licensed local production.
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