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Arguably the greatest impact on human land-use by the Spanish was the drastic reduction in Native American populations due to the introduction of European diseases. At the time of Spanish incursions in the 1500s, about 100,000 Native Americans lived in about 100 communities in northern Arizona and central New Mexico. Following the devastating 1780 smallpox epidemic which seemed to have had little effect on Navajos but was disastrous for Hopis, other Pueblos, and probably the Paiutes, Native American populations on the Colorado Plateau had probably become a small fraction of that number. While smallpox and measles were the biggest killers, the web of endemic and epidemic disease was a complex gestalt, one in which the whole was decidedly more ruinous than the sum of its lethal parts.
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Spanish Logo Many Spanish undergraduate courses are cross-listed with other programs at Syracuse University, specifically with Latino/Latin American Studies or Women’s Studies. Sometimes, a professor will collaborate with another program and offer a specific cross-disciplinary course listed under the offerings of another program. Pedro Cuperman’s FIL 500 is an example of this; the course brings the study of Hispanic films, taught from a Latin American literary criticism perspective, to students of the College of Visual and Performing Arts.
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The Spanish alphabet has thirty (30) letters, four more than the English alphabet. If you know the English alphabet, you will know the Spanish alphabet except for the four new letters. Three of the additional letters are actually two letters that represent single sounds. They are treated as one letter, that is, they are never divided. These three sounds are "ch," "ll," and "rr." The fourth is a letter "n" with a mark called a en-yay over it. The letter "ch" in Spanish sounds like a "ch" in English, but it is considered to be another letter. The pronunciations of these four sounds will be pictured along with the sounds of the entire Spanish alphabet which is listed below.
dominoes Print a set of Spanish number word dominoes; each tile has numbers on it in Spanish and symbols 0 through 6 (cero, uno, dos, tres, cuatro, cinco, seis). In this game the student matches numbers.
The first Spanish to see any part of the Southwest were shipwreck survivors Alvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca and his three companions, including a north African named Estavan. They were ... the first to tell the fantastic stories of unbelievably rich cities in the southwest, the fabulous Seven Cities of Cíbola. Estavan was perhaps the first person from the Old World (he was from Morocco) to reach the Colorado Plateau (probably in 1536). He followed the San Pedro River Valley north until finally reaching the Zuni city Cibola, then known as Hawikuh. Estaban arrived before the rest of the group, and accounts of his fate vary. Some believe he died there. Other reports say that the Zuni rescued him from slavery by reporting that he had died.
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Spanish first started to appear in writing in the form of notes and glosses in Latin religious texts, the Glosas Emilianenses, dating from the 11th century. During the 12th century, law codes (Fueros) were being translated into Spanish. Spanish prose flowered during the reign of King Alfonso X the Wise of Castile (1252-84), who in addition to being the king and a poet... found time to write an encyclopaedia in Spanish called Las Partidas, which contains laws, chronicles, recipes, and rules for hunting, chess and card games. The first Spanish grammar, by Antonio de Nebrija, and the first dictionaries were published during the 15th and 16th centuries.
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