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Spain: Spanish Republic
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Spain ... claims a number of physical scientists with notable achievements. The most famous of Spanish scientists is certainly Santiago Ramon y Cajal, the Nobel Prize winner who was the first to put forth the notion that the brain is composed of neurons. Jaime Ferran discovered the vaccine for cholera, Leonardo Torres y Quevedo was an inventor/engineer who created an analog chess playing computer, José Celestino Mutis classified many plants of the newfound Colombia, Dominique Arago found many properties of magnetism and optics, and Severo Ochoa de Albornoz uncovered some of the mysteries of RNA.
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The constitutional history of Spain dates back to the constitution of 1812. After the death of Francisco Franco in 1975, a general election in 1977 convened the Constituent Cortes (the Spanish Parliament, in its capacity as a constitutional assembly) for the purpose of drafting and approving the constitution of 1978.
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Meredith will ... expand its reach into Spain through a licensing agreement with Globus Comunicacion, a leading Spanish magazine publisher. Globus will publish a Spanish-language version of Diabetic Living, a magazine that offers upbeat health and lifestyle information, and a series of books based on the Better Homes and Gardens Big Book of Home How-To. Material published in Spanish will be available for Meredith to share with U.S.-based Hispanic readers.
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On January 1, 2002, Spain terminated its historic peseta currency and replaced it with the euro, which has become its national currency shared with 15 other countries from the Eurozone. This culminated the first phase of a period of economic growth,[36] which has kept the Spanish economy growing well over the EU average, but concerns are growing that the extraordinary property boom and high foreign trade deficits of recent years may bring this to an end.[37]
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Mexican food did not come from Spain, the Spanish do not traditionally eat Mexican food, Mexican food, in restaurants or grocery stores, is rare in Spain. That said, Spain does have some dishes that did originate in Spain - most notable of which are paella, gazpacho, and tapas. Paella is a combination of this and that and rice and spice. Gazpacho is a cold soup with a zillion variations. Tapas (plural form of tapa) are various snacks served at nearly every bar in Spain, they range from simple olives to omelette like tortillas to ham sandwiches and are usually very tasty and very cheap. Spanish wines, Spanish beers, and Spanish spirits are often imbibed during meals.
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In a June 2000 communiqué following the explosions of two small devices in Barcelona, GRAPO claimed responsibility for several terrorist attacks throughout Spain during the past year. These attacks included two failed armored car robberies, one in which two security officers died, and four bombings of political party offices during the 1999/2000 election campaign. In 2002 and 2003, Spanish and French authorities were successful in hampering the organization's activities through sweeping arrests, including some of the group's leadership.
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Spanish Republic