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South Africa: Government
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In 1961, South Africa left the Commonwealth of Nations (whose members were strongly critical of South Africa's apartheid policies) and became a republic. The first president of the new republic was C. R. Swart; he was succeeded by T. E. Donges and J. J. Fouché. In the 1960s there were international attempts to wrest South West Africa from South Africa's control, but South Africa tenaciously maintained its hold on the territory. In 1966, Prime Minister Verwoerd was assassinated by a discontented white government employee. From the late 1960s, the Vorster government began to try to start a dialogue on racial and other matters with independent African nations; these attempts met with little success, except for the establishment of diplomatic relations with Malawi and the adjacent nations of Lesotho, Botswana, and Swaziland, all of which were economically dependent on South Africa.
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South Africa is well on course to meet all the Millennium Development Goals (MDGs) ahead of the 2015 deadline. The very poor are steadily improving their lives through increased social assistance grants. The number of people benefiting has increased from 2.6 million to 7.9 million since 1994. Jobs and skills are increasing through the governments Expanded Public Works Programme and small farmers are benefiting from the Agriculture Starter Pack Programme and Comprehensive Agricultural Support Programme (CASP). The government’s expenditure on HIV and AIDS has increased from R30 million in 1994 to about R3.6 billion in 2005. Since 1994, 10 million more people have access to clean water.
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Despite obstacles and delays, an interim constitution was completed in 1993, ending nearly three centuries of white rule in South Africa and marking the end of white-minority rule on the African continent. A 32-member multiparty transitional government council was formed with blacks in the majority. In Apr., 1994, days after the Inkatha Freedom party ended an electoral boycott, the republic's first multiracial election was held. The ANC won an overwhelming victory, and Nelson Mandela became president. South Africa rejoined the Commonwealth in 1994 and ... relinquished its last hold in Namibia, ceding the exclave of Walvis Bay.
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South Africa's post-apartheid governments have made remarkable progress in consolidating the nation's peaceful transition to democracy. Programs to improve the delivery of essential social services to the majority of the population are underway. Access to better opportunities in education and business is becoming more widespread. Nevertheless, transforming South Africa's society to remove the legacy of apartheid will be a long-term process requiring the sustained commitment of the leaders and people of the nation's disparate groups.
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Kirkwood, C. Inventory of the Archives of the Registrar, Eastern Cape Division of the Supreme Court of South Africa, 1865- : Cape Archives Depot. Pretoria: Government Archives Services, 1986. 75 leaves. LC
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The South African Government has taken steps to gradually reduce remaining foreign exchange controls, which apply only to South African residents. Private citizens are now allowed a one-time investment of up to 750,000 rand (R) in offshore accounts. Since 2001, South African companies may invest up to R750 million in Africa and R500 million elsewhere.
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