LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Somaliland: Federal Somalia
built 612 days ago
Somaliland was a legal part of the Somali Republic from July 1, 1960. As an administrative entity, Somaliland was dissolved after its merger with Somalia, and its area was divided or incorporated into provinces. The Isaaq and Majeerteen clans suffered from repression under the regime of Siad Barre, who came into power through a coup d'état in the late 1960's. The regime of Siad Barre... did not last and collapsed during the Somali Civil War, paving the way for the creation of the Second Republic of Somaliland.
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Somaliland is sui generis, unique in its characteristics, because it has a brief history as an independent country before it united with Somalia. Its foreign ministry points out that with Somaliland's own declaration of independence, it was actually not creating a new country - but merely withdrawing from a voluntary union which had already broken down with the failure of Somalia; the world's most failed state. Somaliland's independence was not new, but merely an act of restoring a state within borders that already existed in the past, when Somaliland was ... independent.
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When Somaliland broke away from Somalia, the tourism industry began to re-build itself. Somaliland is often considered to be home to one of the most interesting attractions in the Horn of Africa, the Laas Gaal cave paintings. It is believed that a small number of tourists travel to the country to witness this sight. The paintings are situated near Hargeisa and were discovered by a French archaeological team in 2002. The government and locals keep the cave paintings safe and only a restricted number of tourists are allowed. Other notable sights include the Freedom Arch in Hargeisa and the war memorial in the city center.
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The international position of Somaliland is more problematic than that of Puntland, a district in northeastern Somalia that has declared its intention to participate in a future federal Somali state rather than declaring independence. Somaliland has ... far not been recognized by any other country, although there has been informal cooperation with Sudan and Ethiopia. Relations between Ethiopia and Somaliland are particularly close, with each country maintaining a liaison office in the other's capital, but Ethiopia has been reluctant to be the first nation to recognize Somaliland's independence. Britain and the EU have also sent informal missions and aid to Somaliland, with the EU using the Somaliland port of Berbera to ship food aid to Ethiopia.
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The neglect of Somaliland by the international community exposes its shocking double standard that on one hand advocates for peace, stability, and democratic institutions, and, on the other hand, ignores peaceful, stable, democratic Somaliland by denying it of diplomatic recognition. This denial has no legal basis in the court of international law. The delay is just a mere hope by the UN and regional organizations that Somaliland may return to the union with Somalia one day. This political gambling at the expense of Somaliland people for 14 years is irresponsible. It is ... perpetuation of lawlessness, despair, famine, and violent, factional fighting in Somalia. This unfounded hope will not affect the iron will of Somaliland people toward self-determination but will consolidate their unchanging stance to have independent, sovereign state from the injustice and killing machine of Somalia.
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Three countries-Ethiopia, Djibouti, and Saudi Arabia-loom especially large in Somaliland's ability to survive politically and economically. Somalia ... plays a critical role in spite of the fact that it does not recognize Somaliland or have a widely accepted government of its own. Egypt and Yemen have traditionally had a special interest in Somaliland. The African Union, Arab League, and United Nations are also important actors if only because they have accepted the credentials of the TNG as the legal representative of the Somali entity. Specialized agencies of the United Nations, the European Union, and to a lesser extent the United States provide important, albeit limited humanitarian and development assistance.
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Federal Somalia