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Solar Deity: Gods
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The Egyptian cat-headed goddess, Bastet was strictly a solar deity until the arrival of Greek influence on Egyptian society, when she became a lunar goddess due to the Greeks associating her with their Artemis. Dating from the 2nd Dynasty (roughly 2890-2686 BCE), Bastet was originally portrayed as either a wild desert cat or as a lioness, and only became associated with the domesticated feline around 1000 BCE. She was commonly paired with Sakhmet, the lion-headed goddess of Memphis, Wadjet, and Hathor. Bastet was the "Daughter of Ra", a designation that placed her in the same ranks as such goddesses as Maat and Tefnut. Additionally, Bastet was one of the "Eyes of Ra", the title of an "avenger" god who is sent out specifically to lay waste to the enemies of Egypt and her gods.
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A careful analysis of the religious systems of pagandom uncovers much evidence of the fact that its priests served the solar energy and that their Supreme Deity was in every case this Divine Light personified. Godfrey Higgins, after thirty years of inquiry into the origin of religious beliefs, is of the opinion that "All the Gods of antiquity resolved themselves into the solar fire, sometimes itself as God, or sometimes an emblem or shekinah of that higher principle, known by the name of the creative Being or God."
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In Mesopotamia, during the time of Horus, it was the solar deity Shamash who dominated the pantheon (a rose by another name). Cuneiform inscriptions from the First Dynasty of Babylon (circa 4400 years old) record seven times as many priestesses of Shamash as either priestesses or priests of any other god or goddess. It is ... interesting to note that those same cuneiform inscriptions fail to mention any male priests for a male deity, or any female priestesses for a female deity. Shamash and Marduk, male gods, are served by priestesses only. Likewise, Inanna, a female deity, is served by male priests only. Did the male gods in some grand revolution in prehistory capture not only the symbols, but the temples and servants of once preeminent goddesses as well?
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The snake has ... been variously described as a phallic deity, as a solar deity and as a god of death. The ancient Toltec and Aztec peoples worshipped a colourful feathered serpent called Quetzalcoatl, a half-divine, half-human being who was the great teacher of mankind.
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A Solar deity, he can be seen as a Celtic equivalent of Apollo, and there are various traces of his cult in Britain. In Irish mythology he was Bile, a powerful god of the underworld.
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