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Slavery
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Slavery was an established institution in the Greece of Homer’s time, and a large portion of the population of the Greek city-states in later days were of the servile class. There were domestic slaves, agricultural slaves, and artisans and workers. In Greece, although not quite as commonly as in Asia Minor, there were ... public slaves, for example, those belonging to the temples. In general it is thought that slaves in the Greek city-states were relatively well treated, and there were laws protecting them against excessive cruelty or abuse. However, the slaves were regarded as property and had no rights in courts of law. Slaves could obtain their freedom by buying it, by being granted it in the owner’s will, or as a reward for outstanding service.
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Slavery is a booming business and the number of slaves is increasing. People get rich by using slaves. And when they've finished with their slaves, they just throw these people away. This is the new slavery, which focuses on big profits and cheap lives. It is not about owning people in the traditional sense of the old slavery, but about controlling them completely. People become completely disposable tools for making money.
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Slavery was largely incompatible with the organic societies of medieval Europe. After the collapse of ancient slavery human bondage persisted on the margins of medieval Europe, first on the islands of the eastern Mediterranean and later in the coastal areas of southern Europe. But western slavery did not revive until the feudal economies declined, opening up opportunities for European merchants and adventurers who were freed from the constraints that prevailed elsewhere. Over the course of the fifteenth, sixteenth, and seventeenth centuries Europe's consciousness of itself expanded to the point where no "Europeans" were considered "outsiders," and as such available for enslavement. This was a far cry from conditions in Africa, where a much more local conception of social membership made Africans subject to enslavement by other Africans. Thus, during those same centuries, entrepreneurs—first from Spain and Portugal and later from Holland and England—took to the seas and plugged themselves into Africa's highly developed system of slavery, transforming it into a vast Atlantic slave trade.
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Slavery flourished in the Byzantine Empire, and the pirates of the Mediterranean continued their custom of enslaving the victims of their raids. Islam, like Christianity, accepted slavery, and it became a standard institution in Muslim lands, where most slaves were African in origin. In Islamic life, keeping slaves was largely a sign of wealth, with slaves used as soldiers, concubines, cooks, and entertainers and to perform a variety of other functions. Another form of Muslim slavery was in the eunuch guardians of the harems; eunuchs had been widely known in Greek, Roman, and especially Byzantine times, but it was among the Muslims and in East Asia that they were to survive longest. In Muslim countries, slavery and freedom had a much more fluid boundary than in the West, with some slaves and former slaves reaching positions of great power and prestige.
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Slavery in America was started by liberals in the 17th century. It continued for a hundreds of years, until Republican President Abraham Lincoln ended it, along with racism, in the Civil Rights Act of 1964. Former Confederate General Robert Byrd and the liberals ... countered the end of slavery by creating a race of bears known as the KKK. Because of the Republican party's opposition to slavery, many of today's African-Americans are Republicans, including people like Oprah Winfrey, Barack Obama (Oh wait! He's half-African-African-American), Jesse Jackson, and Al Sharpton. Not that these people are Republicans, but people like them are.
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Slavery is as old as war. Since antiquity slaves have been the spoils of battle. But the nineteenth century saw the crumbling of the ideological justification for the “peculiar institution” as it was known in the United States. The first codification of the laws of war—the Lieber Code promulgated by President Lincoln during the American Civil War—contained a provision against enslavement. The Geneva Conventions of 1949 do not specifically forbid slavery, but its prohibition is implicit in other rules. The second Additional Protocol of 1977 includes a ban on slavery in civil wars.
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Slavery