LYCOS RETRIEVER
Second World War: Adolf Hitler
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It is the beginning of the Second World War and the Axis powers seem unstoppable as one country after another falls. Mussolini feeling a bit outplayed by Hitler and wanting to show that he too is a great leader decides to attack and occupy Greece, believing that it will be an easy target. First the Italians torpedo the Greek cruiser Elli in the harbor of Tinos with much loss of life. Then on October 28th the Italian minister in Athens brings the written ultimatum which basically demands that the Greeks let the Italian army enter and occupy the country or face their wrath. Metaxas, who had hoped to remain neutral in the war, rejects the ultimatum and in just a few hours Italian troops are pouring into northern Greece from Albania. This is to be another one of those Hellenic moments like Salamis and Marathon.
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This is the compelling story of the 10,000 German and Austrian nationals who fled Nazi persecution to join the British in their fight against Hitler during the Second World War. Most were Jews but a significant number were political opponents of the Nazi regime and so-called 'degenerate artists'. They arrived in Britain between 1933 and 1939, and at the outbreak of war on 3 September 1939 became 'enemy aliens'. They volunteered to serve in the British forces, donned the King's uniform, swore allegiance to George VI and became affectionately known as 'the King's most loyal enemy aliens'. This compelling story includes previously unpublished interviews with veterans and an impressive selection of archive photographs, many of which are reproduced for the first time.
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Germany made the Second World War: a necessary condition was a nationalist German government ready, even eager, to use force to secure far-reaching aims. Hitler came to power with the help of German conservatives who combined with the Nazis to resist socialists, in preference to working with socialists to block the Nazis. Until 1939, with British acquiescence, Hitler won success after peaceful success: restoring compulsory military service, creating an air force, remilitarizing the Rhineland, absorbing Austria, annexing the German-inhabited areas of Czechoslovakia, and then, in March 1939, destroying Czechoslovakia altogether. Hitler's growing support in Germany, as foreign success went with full employment, steadily increased his freedom of action.
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At the request of his friend, naval intelligence officer Ian Fleming (creator of James Bond 007), Crowley provided Winston Churchill with valuable insights into the superstitious mindset of the leaders of Hitler’s Third Reich during the Second World War. He suggested that Churchill exploit the Nazis’ magical paranoia by being photographed as much as possible giving the two-fingered “V for Victory” gesture - a powerful symbol of destruction and annihilation that, according to magical tradition, is capable of defeating the perverted solar energies represented by the Nazi swastika.
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The British empire and the USA fought a world war. Both gave priority to defeating Hitler. The main effort against Japan came from the USA. The failure of the Chinese to defend territories from which Japan could be attacked reduced the British role in Burma from the expansion of the line of communications to China to the defence of India and the eventual reassertion of British power in Malaya and Singapore.
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