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Scottish Gaelic Language: Irish Gaelic
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Scottish Gaelic is a Celtic language with similarities to Irish Gaelic. It was originally spoken by the Gaels in Western Scotland and Islands. The language was latter adopted by the Pictish people of the North and west of Scotland making Scottish Gaelic the de facto language of the whole Highland area. When the areas south of the Firths of Forth and Clyde were absorbed into Scotland in the 11th century, the language and customs of the Angles people were preserved by the King. This formed the division of Scotland into the Gaelic, Irish or Erse speaking north and Inglis or Scottis speaking south. Gaelic continued to be spoken widely through the Highlands until the 19th century.
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Scottish Gaelic (Gàidhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. This branch ... includes the Irish and Manx languages. It is distinct from the Brythonic branch of the Celtic languages, which includes Welsh, Cornish, and Breton. Scottish, Manx and Irish Gaelic are all descended from Old Irish. The language is often described as Scottish Gaelic, Scots Gaelic, or Gàidhlig to avoid confusion with the other two Goidelic languages. Outside Scotland, it is occasionally also called Scottish or Scots, a usage dating back over 1,500 years, for example Old English Scottas.
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Scottish Gaelic (GÃ idhlig) is a member of the Goidelic branch of Celtic languages. This branch includes ... the Irish and Manx languages. It is distinct from the Brythonic branch, which includes Welsh, Cornish, and Breton. Scottish, Manx and Irish Gaelic are all descended from Old Irish. A form of Middle Irish, known as 'Classical Gaelic', was used as a literary language in Scotland until the 18th century. The language is often described as Scottish Gaelic, Scots Gaelic, or GÃ idhlig to avoid confusion with the other two Goidelic languages.
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The Dictionary of the Scottish Gaelic Language is an inter-university initiative by the Universities of Aberdeen, Edinburgh, Glasgow, Strathclyde and Sabhal Mòr Ostaig UHI. The aim is to produce an historical dictionary of Scottish Gaelic comparable to the multi-volume resources already available for Scots and English. The dictionary will document the history of the Gaelic language and culture from the earliest manuscript material onwards, placing Gaelic in context with Irish and Scots.
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Scottish Gaelic is closely related to Manx and Irish and was brought to Scotland around the 4th century AD by the Scots from Ireland. Scottish Gaelic was spoken throughout Scotland (apart from small areas in the extreme south-east and north-east) between the 9th and 11th centuries, but began to retreat north and westwards from the 11th century onwards. All Scottish Gaelic dialects are mutually intelligible, and written Irish can be understood to a large extent.
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Going in the other direction, Scottish Gaelic has influenced the Scots language (gob) and English, particularly Scottish Standard English. Loanwords include: whisky, slogan, brogue, jilt, clan, strontium (from Strontian), trousers, as well as familiar elements of Scottish geography like ben (beinn), glen (gleann) and loch. Irish Gaelic has ... influenced Lowland Scots and English in Scotland, but it is not always easy to distinguish its influence from that of the Scottish variety.
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Irish Gaelic