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Ruby: Languages
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Ruby-GNOME is a set of Ruby language bindings for the GNOME development environment. At the moment, the most mature of these is the Ruby/GTK library, but bindings for libgnome, libgnomeui, gdk-pixbuf, gdk-imlib, libglade, libpanel-applet and GConf are in various stages of development.
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Kathryn Barrett reports that this month marks Ruby’s 15th birthday. Yukihiro “Matz” Matsumoto–creator of Ruby confirmed that Ruby was conceptualized and named on Feb. 24, 1993. Mark your calendars. While this doesn’t yet qualify Ruby as an old-timer among programming languages, it’s a good indication that it’s here to stay and probably doesn’t deserve to be called a newcomer any more.
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Duck typing is way of thinking about programming in Ruby. For folks who come from languages such as Java or C++, types are basically the same as classes. When you ask 'what is the type of "cat"?', the answer comes back as 'String'. These languages use the type==class model as the model for programming. You say String fred; to say that 'fred' has type 'String', and the language implements that by saying that fred can only reference objects that are class String. Ruby doesn't use that model.
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The Pickaxe book, named for the tool on the cover, is the definitive reference to Ruby, a highly-regarded, fully object-oriented programming language. This Second Edition has more than 200 pages of new content, and substantial enhancements to the original, covering all the new and improved language features of Ruby 1.8 and standard library modules.
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The language was created by Yukihiro Matsumoto, who started working on Ruby on February 24, 1993, and released it to the public in 1995. "Ruby" was named as a gemstone because of a joke within Matsumoto's circle of friends alluding to the name of the Perl programming language [1].
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Ruby is seen as a flexible language, since it allows its users to freely alter its parts. Essential parts of Ruby can be removed or redefined, at will. Existing parts can be added upon. Ruby tries not to restrict the coder.
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