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Roman Architecture
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The rigid requirements of Roman Architecture, especially in the construction of forts and stockade, led to the development of pre-fabricated materials and standard parts. Timbers were cut to specific sizes. Grooves were pre-cut ready for fast construction and Blacksmiths produced iron nails in all different shapes and sizes. Roman architecture was ... strongly influenced by one of their great inventions - concrete! Concrete was made by mixing a strong volcanic material ( called pazzolana ) with rubble and a mixture of limes.
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The Roman Architecture changed all this and advanced this by introducing new methods of architecture; The Columns and The Arches. With these methods the romans were able to construct bigger temples and buildings than ever before.
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Roman Architecture Roman architecture was heavily influenced by Etruscan and Italian traditions... it was primarily influenced by Greek Architecture. Eventually when Rome grew politically, they developed their own style of architectural design. Romans used many different materials to build. The most popular material used was mud brick strengthened by timbers. Hard limestone and Volcanic Tufa were used for terraces, fortifications, foundations and superstructures. Eventually, Romans began using Travertine because it was stronger as well as large varieties of marble.
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A clear picture of Roman architecture can be drawn from the impressive remains of ancient Roman public and private buildings and from contemporaneous writings, such as De Architectura (trans. 1914), the ten-volume architectural treatise compiled by Vitruvius toward the close of the 1st century
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Family dwellings then as today were built in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, but the Roman domus usually displayed the preference for axial symmetry that characterizes most of Roman public architecture as well. Early houses dating from the 4th and 3d centuries
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[One] influence on Roman design from Hellenistic architecture was the tendency to a much wider intercolumniation than that of Hellenic buildings, something that was no doubt partly due to the widely spaced columns of Etruscan porticoes. Wall-surfaces, too, were given considerable attention, not only with finishes (e.g. coloured marbles, etc.), but by means of the engaged columns and pilasters so typical of Roman work. One of the most influential Roman innovations was the synthesis of arches (set in substantial blocky structures) and the columnar and trabeated forms of the Orders (applied with very wide intercolumniations), an example of which was the triumphal arch of Titus (c.
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Roman Architecture