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Robert Nozick
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Though he achieved widespread recognition in the field of political philosophy, Nozick always considered himself primarily an analytic philosopher. He later referred to the writing of Anarchy, State, and Utopia as “an accident” that came about as a side project while he had been pursuing loftier questions of free will.
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One addition that would undoubtedly have strengthened the collection is a section of replies by Nozick himself. Throughout his career... Nozick scrupulously followed a general policy of not replying to his critics, preferring to direct his attention and energies to new projects instead. Thus, in the Introduction to his collected papers, Nozick explained his failure to reply to the many critics of his political philosophy in the following way:
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Robert Nozick was born in Brooklyn on November 16 1938, the son of a Jewish entrepreneur from the Russian shtetl who had been born with the rabbinical name of Cohen. To his parents, Nozick wrote at the end of his life, "I owe, ultimately, my optimistic view of life and of its possibilities".
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One of Nozick's theories might lead to radical consequences, if adopted. He believed that some redistribution of property to rectify past injustices is justifiable. Conceivably that might lead to dismantling some huge corporations and fortunes or to restoration of much of the United States to the Native Americans. But Nozick chose not to "specify the details."
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Anyway, Nozick always looked like someone who took ideas to their logical conclusion, and moved on to the next idea. Libertarianism one year, rent control the next. The game was in the application of the idea.
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Mit dem 1974 veröffentlichten Buch Anarchy, State and Utopia etablierte Nozick libertäre Positionen im Mainstream der politischen Philosophie. Er versucht einen Minimalstaat (Nachtwächterstaat) zu begründen, der sich darauf beschränkt, die natürlichen Rechte seiner Bürger und ihr Eigentum zu schützen. In diesem Buch argumentiert er unter anderem für die Position, dass die Verteilung von Gütern gerecht sei, wenn sie mittels freiem und einvernehmlichem Austausch zwischen erwachsenen Personen erfolge, selbst wenn durch diesen Prozess große Ungleichheiten entstehen (und somit auch Machtungleichgewichte). Bei dieser Argumentation beruft sich Nozick auf die kantische Idee, dass Personen als rationale Wesen behandelt werden sollen.
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Robert Nozick