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Robert Nozick: John Rawls
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Like Rawls, Nozick opposed utilitarianism and had an intuitive and compelling counter-argument to its obsession with amassing private pleasure. If, as utilitarianism contends, what is good is simply the greatest possible amount of subjective states of happiness, we should surely want to be permanently attached to "experience machines" which gave us the experiences we would desire in real life - without these being caused by what would ordinarily cause them. The fact that we find it repugnant to each be "alone in [our] particular illusion" is because we "care about things in addition to how our lives feel to us from the inside", and shows the absurdity of treating happiness as the only value.
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To the Rawlsian theory of distributive justice, Nozick opposed his own theory of "entitlement justice", which in the long run has proved far closer to reality. Everybody is entitled to all that they have acquired, provided they gained their possessions justly.
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John Rawls