LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Richard Nixon: California Republican
built 178 days ago
In 1968, Richard Nixon embraced a Southern strategy that used the race issue to carve up the electorate and scare up support from white voters. Republicans turned to the strategy time and again until the South was largely in their hands.
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Richard Milhous Nixon was born in 1913 in Yorba Linda, California. He was born as the second of five sons to Francis Anthony Nixon and Hannah Milhous Nixon. Young Richard attended public schools in Whittier, California, where he grew up, and as he got older, Richard attended Whittier College where he majored in history. Due to Richard’s academic excellence, he received a scholarship to Duke University Law School, where he completed his law degree in 1937. Nixon soon went on to join a small law firm in Whittier, where he practiced law and met his fiancée Thelma Ryan. On June 21, 1940, Thelma and Richard were married.
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Richard Milhous Nixon was born in Yorba Linda, California to Francis A. Nixon and Hannah Milhous. His mother was a Quaker, and his upbringing is said to have been marked by conservative Quaker observances such as refraining from drinking, dancing and swearing. His father converted from Methodist to Quaker after his marriage. Richard Nixon's great-grandfather George Nixon III had been killed at the Battle of Gettysburg during the American Civil War while serving in the 73rd Ohio Volunteer Infantry. Richard Nixon had four brothers: Harold Nixon (1909-1933), Donald Nixon (1914-1987), Arthur Nixon (1918-1925), and Edward Nixon (born 1930).
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When Fortas resigned in May 1969 because of new revelations questioning his ethical behavior, Nixon quickly decided to fulfill campaign obligations to his Southern supporters. In August, he nominated Fourth Circuit Judge Clement F. Haynsworth, from South Carolina, a choice that provoked intense opposition from labor and civil rights groups. Haynsworth's record ... raised ethical issues, enough perhaps to justify opposition from liberals still resentful over the treatment of Fortas. Seventeen Republican senators joined northern Democrats in November 1969 to defeat Haynsworth's nomination, 55 to 45—the first time since 1930 that the Senate rejected a Supreme Court nomination. Haynsworth was victimized by political forces anxious to retaliate against Nixon, rather than by his own record. Nixon promptly nominated another Southern conservative, Fifth Circuit Court Judge G. Harrold Carswell, of Florida.
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Richard M. Nixon's political career was marked by extraordinary contradictions. Many people believed that his career had come to an end in 1960, after he narrowly lost the presidential election to John F. Kennedy. Two years later, in 1962, he again suffered defeat, this time in the race for governor of California, and Nixon himself announced that his days in politics were over. However, a combination of events pushed him to the political forefront once more, and his election as president in 1968 was one of the most remarkable political comebacks of modern times.
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In 1960 Nixon won the Republican presidential nomination and chose Henry Cabot Lodge, ambassador to the United Nations, as his running mate. The campaign against the Democratic team of senators John F. Kennedy and Lyndon Johnson was close from the beginning, although Nixon initially ran ahead in the polls. In the first of four televised debates with Kennedy, Nixon, concerned with projecting an image of reasonableness and nonpartisanship, did not sharply challenge his opponent. He ... looked pale and unwell, possibly because of poor lighting. He lost the election by some 100,000 votes out of the 68 million cast.
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