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Rhinitis
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Rhinitis can be a problem all year or only some of the year. It can be a problem when inside or when outside. Allergy symptoms are caused when someone has a problem when around a certain substance. These substances are called allergens. They can be inside, such as cats or dust. They can be outside such as tree and grass pollen in the spring and weed pollen and molds in the summer and fall.
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Rhinitis is one of the most common illnesses in the United States , affecting more than 50 million people. It often coexists with other respiratory disorders, such as asthma. Rhinitis has a significant impact on the quality of life of those who suffer from it. In addition, it can contribute to other conditions such as sinus problems, ear problems, sleep problems, and learning problems. In patients with asthma, uncontrolled rhinitis seems to make asthma worse.
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Rhinitis medicamentosa represents a different etiology. This is a drug-induced rhinitis resulting from prolonged use (ie, >5-10 d) of nasal sympathomimetics. During this process, alpha-receptors in the nose are gradually desensitized to endogenous and exogenous stimulation. Patients with this disease typically present with extensive nasal congestion and rhinorrhea resulting from loss of adrenergic tone rather than from the original cause of rhinitis. Normal nasal function should recover within 7-21 days after sympathomimetics are discontinued. Topical nasal steroid spray may ease the transition from the sympathomimetic agents, and some suggest allowing the patient to continue using the offending agent at night for a few days or weaning 1 nostril at a time.
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Rhinitis, inflammation of the mucous lining of the nose, is a nonspecific term that covers infections, allergies, and other disorders whose common featureis the location of their symptoms. These symptoms include infected or irritated mucous membranes, producing a discharge, congestion, and swelling of thetissues of the nasal passages. The most widespread form of infectious rhinitis is the common cold.
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INTRODUCTION — Rhinitis is defined as the occurrence of annoying nasal symptoms including discharge, itching, sneezing, congestion, and pressure. Many cases can be classified into a specific syndrome, each with its own causes and treatments. The rhinitis syndromes are principally recognized by clinical patterns. (See "An overview of rhinitis").
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Rhinitis may be caused by irritants or allergens (substances that provoke an allergic response). In response to these substances, the cells of the body release histamine and other chemical mediators. These are the substances that cause the symptoms of allergic rhinitis—sneezing, runny nose, and itching, watery eyes.
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Rhinitis