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Radar
built 654 days ago
Radar was NOT invented to detect weather. Among its' first uses was during World War II. Radar units in England (United Kingdom / Great Britian) were able to get advance warning of Nazi air strikes during the Battle of Britain. They noticed that when it rained the radar screens were covered in a gray haze...and planes could not be detected! While scientists tried to get around the problem, weather forecasters quickly saw the advantages of the new invention! Weather radar was born!
The word "Radar" is derived from RAdio Detection And Ranging and refers to the technique of using radio waves to detect the presence and the distance of a target. Radar works by transmitting a radio signal into the air and then listening for a returned signal. If the transmitted radio signal reaches a target, then most of the energy is scattered, but some will be reflected back to the radar receiver. The presence of the target can be confirmed by the reflected signal. Since radio waves travel through air at a known velocity, the distance of the target away from the radar can be determined by measuring the amount of time between the transmission, and the reception of the reflection. Radar was initially designed to detect the presence of aircraft shortly before and during World War II, but today radar is used for a wide array of applications.
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Radars intended principally to determine the presence and position of reflecting targets in a region around the radar are called search radars. Other radars examine further the targets detected: examples are height finders with antennas that scan vertically in the direction of an assigned target, and tracking radars that are aimed continuously at an assigned target to obtain great accuracy in estimating target motion. In some modern radars, these search and track functions are combined, usually with some computer control. Surveillance radar connotes operation of this sort, somewhat more than just search alone. There are ... very complex and versatile radars with considerable computer control, with which many functions are performed and which are therefore called multifunction radars. Very accurate tracking radars intended for use at missile test sites or similar test ranges are called instrumentation radars.
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Radar is short for radio detection and ranging. A transmitter sends out pulses of high frequency radio waves. These waves bounce off objects and and return to the dish. A radar echo shows up on a monitor. This way radar operators know where the object is. A computer measures the time it takes for the signal to bounce off the target and then calculates how far away it is.
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