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Queen Victoria: Prince Albert
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The Queen's first child was the Princess Royal, Victoria (1840-1901). She was an incredibly brilliant child, the apple of her father's eye, who far outshone her brothers and sisters. She was given a liberal education under the benign care of her father and excelled in all her lessons. A difficult act for the rest of the children to follow. She married Prince Frederick of Prussia in 1858 and had eight children of her own - the most significant of which was William II), the infamous Kaiser Wilhelm who led his country and the world into the Great War of 1914. Vicky, as she was known, eventually became Empress, herself, in 1888 - for three months.
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Queen Victoria's father was Prince Edward, Duke of Kent, a son of King George III. Because the king was insane, Edward's oldest brother George served as the country's regent. The Prince Regent and his estranged wife Caroline had just one child, Princess Charlotte of Wales. After Charlotte's death in 1817, people began to worry about the royal succession. Although the king had twelve living children, none of them had offspring who were eligible to inherit the throne.
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Princess Alexandrina Victoria was not only born to be Queen of England: she was conceived to be Queen. Once Princess Charlotte, the only legitimate child of the Prince of Wales, the future George IV, died in childbirth late in 1817, her son stillborn, the nation was plunged into mourning and her unmarried uncles stirred into competition to sire an heir to the throne. With the Prince of Wales, Prince Regent for his insane father, George III, separated from the future (but uncrowned) Queen Caroline, no lawful successor would come that way. To solve the succession dilemma, the royal brothers, princes of the blood, most of them with mistresses and illegitimate progeny, were ordered to marry and beget, with their reward for success a promised cancellation of their heavy debts.
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Victoria was the only child of the Duke of Kent and Strathearn, who in turn was the fourth son of King George III and Queen Charlotte. George III's eldest son, the Prince of Wales, only had one child, and when she died in 1817, the remaining unmarried sons of George III set out to do their duty and ensure the future of the dynasty. Though 50 years old, the Duke of Kent and Strathearn married Princess Victoria of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld, and their only child, Princess Victoria of Kent, was born in Kensington Palace, London, on 24 May 1819.
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Queen Victoria's favorite son, Arthur was born in 1850 and died in 1942. He was married to Princess Louise of Prussia producing two daughters and a son. His daughters, like the Hesses and the Edinburghs, were quite beautiful. Princess Margaret ("Daisy") went on to become Crown Princess of Sweden, while Princess Patricia ("Pat") married a commoner, Sir Alexander Ramsay and enjoyed a long and happy marriage.
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In 1862 Victoria's daughter Alice married Prince Louis of Hesse, and a year later her eldest son, now created Prince of Wales, whom his family called "Bertie, " married Princess Alexandra of Denmark. Victoria supported Prussia during its war with Denmark over Schleswig-Holstein, whereas her daughter-in-law, her ministers, and her people openly upheld Denmark. She approved Russia's brutal suppression of Poland's national uprising in 1863. In 1865 in the Seven Weeks War between Prussia and Austria, which ended in Prussia's victory at Sadowa, Victoria was again pro-Prussian. In 1867 Victoria entertained the Khedive of Egypt and the Sultan of Turkey. In 1868 Benjamin Disraeli became prime minister but was defeated by William Gladstone over the disestablishment of the Irish Church.
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