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Quakers: Religious Society
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Quakers, like Puritans, had their origins in the hotbed of European religious dissent. In addition to the many Quakers who suffered abroad, there were some who felt called to go further afield. The Quaker faith soon came to American shore.
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Unlike other colonial faiths, Quakers do not have clergy, and instead they lead themselves in worship. Meeting houses are members come to discuss matters concerning the faith as well as ongoing matters involving local social work. Delegates from the individual meeting houses get together in Quarterly meetings to address the larger issues concerning the entire society.
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Quakers denounced much of what they considered ungodly or corrupting influences within Society. For the Quaker the true believer is moved by the Spirit to witness before all men with the "indwelling life of Christ". The Spirit was for this reason more important than the Scriptures. The Spirit revealed the true meaning of the Scriptures. The Bible was not the Word of God for the Quaker.
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Considerable distances between the colonies, and a low immigration of Quakers, meant that the organization of Friends in Australia was quite dependent on London until the twentieth century. The Society has remained unprogrammed and is constituted as the Australia Yearly Meeting, with local organization around seven Regional Meetings: Canberra (which extends into southern New South Wales), New South Wales, Queensland, South Australia (which extends into Northern Territory), Tasmania, Victoria and Western Australia. There is an annual meeting each January hosted by a different Regional Meeting over a seven year cycle, with a Standing Committee each July or August.
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All Quakers believe that a person should be not only frugal, but modest, so everyone dresses simply. Modest is ... shown in diet, in fact it is stressed so much that no Quaker drinks alcohol, and any act of drunkenness leads to the member being expelled from the society. The most important facet of a Quaker’s life is their tolerance, be it in with another person’s belief or in their attitude towards life. All are meant to be free. This belief leads the Quakers to speak out against slavery and the treatment of the various Indian tribes.
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The Quakers found Rhode Island to be much more welcoming, as it was a colony founded by the Massachusetts religious exiles Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson. There was a high rate of conversion in the colony, for Williams and Hutchinson did not try to organize their own church.[7] By the 1670's the Quakers emerged as the dominant political and religious faction in the colony. Quakers for a while controlled West Jersey, where they created landed estates[8]. They established prosperous farming settlements in Virginia and North Carolina.
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