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Pythagoras: Teachings
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Pythagoras' life was affected by the geopolitics of the day. The Persian Empire under Cyrus joined with the populous state of Media. The resultant Empire of the Medes and Persians defeated Croesus ruler of Lydia the most notable Greek Kingdom in Asia Minor.
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Pythagoras declared that the eating of meat clouded the reasoning faculties. While he did not condemn its use or totally abstain therefrom himself, he declared that judges should refrain from eating meat before a trial, in order that those who appeared before them might receive the most honest and astute decisions. When Pythagoras decided (as he often did) to retire into the temple of God for an extended period of time to meditate and pray, he took with his supply of specially prepared food and drink. The food consisted of equal parts of the seeds of poppy and sesame, the skin of the sea onion from which the juice had been thoroughly extracted, the flower of daffodil, the leaves of mallows, and a paste of barley and peas. These he compounded together with the addition of wild honey. For a beverage he took the seeds of cucumbers, dried raisins (with seeds removed), the flowers of coriander, the seeds of mallows and purslane, scraped cheese, meal, and cream, mixed together and sweetened with wild honey.
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Pythagoras is a prominent lunar impact crater located near the northwestern lunar limb. It lies just to the northwest of the somewhat larger Babbage crater. The crater has an oval appearance due to the oblique viewing angle. Only the western face of the interior can be viewed from the Earth, the other side being permanently out of sight.
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No writings of Pythagoras survive; ... a collection of aphorisms of his followers is preserved in The Golden Verses of Pythagoras. Fabre d'Olivet's translation of the Golden Verses is included in Section 1 of the A:. A:. reading list.
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Pythagoras taught that Earth was a sphere in the center of the Kosmos (Universe), that the planets, stars, and the universe were spherical because the sphere was the most perfect solid figure. He ... taught that the paths of the planets were circular. Pythagoras recognized that the morning star was the same as the evening star, Venus.
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No primary sources about Pythagoras have survived. This article describes the classical interpretation of Pythagoras, which is based on a small set of texts written between 150 AD and 450 AD. As these texts were written 600 to 1000 years after Pythagoras is said to have lived, their accuracy is uncertain.
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