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Ptolemy: Ptolemy Xi
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On the other hand, Ptolemy XII had a great need for money after bribing Rome for recognition, which Dio 39.12 says was the direct cause for his expulsion in 58. This would certainly explain why he might melt down the coffin. Against this, Dio's account does not mention this point, when we might expect him to do so since he directly addresses the issue of Ptolemy XII's efforts to raise money, and Strabo's text appears to imply that his king melted the coffin down immediately after arriving from Syria, whereas Ptolemy XII was not expelled for more than 20 years after he arrived "from Syria" (if indeed he did come to Egypt that way); it is necessary to interpret the text as implying expulsion immediately after the melting.
The text of Ptolemy's "Geography" was translated into Latin by 1406-09 by Jacopo Angeli da Scarperia and dedicated successively to Popes Gregory XII and Alexander V. Maps based on this translation followed independently within less than twenty years. By the middle of the century, increasingly opulent manuscripts of the "Geography," mostly from Florence, had become fashionable as conspicuous displays of wealth; and travellers and explorers as well as scholars read them. The pages displayed here, from a splendid pair of related manuscripts of text and maps, shows the coordinates, longitude and latitude, for locations in Greece.
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If, as Badian argues, acceptance of the inheritance had been vetoed, then Sulla's support of Ptolemy XI made Egypt that king's possession to bequeath. Anyone trying to reactivate a cancelled will of Ptolemy X would have been answered simply by pointing to the decree cancelling the bequest, but it appears this argument was never made. Hence the king in question must be Ptolemy XI.
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