LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Psyllium: Water
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Psyllium is a soluble fiber that comes from a plant most commonly grown in India. Although it is often labeled a laxative, it is not. Soluble fiber becomes gelatinous and sticky in water. It is not absorbed in the small bowel. It is broken down in the large bowel and becomes a food source for the bacteria that live in the colon. These healthy bacteria bulk up the stool, creating larger softer stool which is easier to pass.
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Psyllium is well-known for helping to relieve symptoms related to constipation. "Many well-designed studies have concluded that psyllium relieves constipation". Psyllium is a bulk-forming fiber, which means when exposed to water it absorbs the water, swells, and forms a slippery film.
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Psyllium, a water-soluble fiber, has been shown to lower total serum and low-density-lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol concentrations in adult hypercholesterolemic subjects and may be effective in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia in children. The effects of a psyllium-enriched cereal were compared with a matched control cereal in a double-blind, crossover fashion in 25 children, 6-18 y old, with hypercholesterolemia. After an 8-wk diet-stabilization period, the subjects were randomly assigned to receive the active or control cereals for 6 wk, followed by a 6-wk washout period and a 6-wk crossover treatment period. Whereas no changes were noted in total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations during consumption of the control cereal, significant changes were seen during the psyllium-cereal periods [0.31 mmol/L (12.1 mg/dL) and 0.28 mmol/L (10.9 mg/dL); P = 0.03 and 0.01, respectively]. The psyllium-enriched cereal was well tolerated throughout the trial. Consumption of the psyllium-enriched cereal resulted in a modest 7% reduction in LDL-cholesterol concentrations compared with the control cereal when used in this pediatric hypercholesterolemic sample.
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Psyllium mucilage possesses several other desirable properties. As a thickener, it has been used in ice cream and frozen desserts. A 1.5% weight/volume ratio of psyllium mucilage exhibits binding properties that are superior to a 10% weight/volume ratio of starch mucilage. The viscosity of psyllium mucilage dispersions are relatively unaffected between temperatures of 68 to 122°F, by pH from 2 to 10 and by salt (sodium chloride) concentrations up to 0.15 M. These physical properties, along with its status as a natural dietary fiber, may lead to increased use of psyllium by the food-processing industry. Technical-grade psyllium has been used as a hydrocolloidal agent to improve water retention for newly-seeded grass areas, and to improve transplanting success with woody plants.
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Psyllium can be used as a bulk-forming agent to relieve mild to moderate diarrhea. Psyllium soaks up a significant amount of water in the digestive tract, thereby making stool firmer and, under these circumstances, slower to pass. In other words, Psyllium acts to slow down a too rapid transit time. It appears to stabilize bowel movements and is often used in cases of alternating constipation and diarrhea.
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Psyllium is mixed with water; since it thickens quickly, it must be consumed immediately. If just beginning to take psyllium, start with a lower dose (one-half to one teaspoon) mixed with 8-ounces of water daily. The dose can be stepped up to two teaspoons and two 8-ounce glasses of water daily - as needed. Take either in the morning or before bedtime.
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