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Psychosis: Reality
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Psychosis is a psychiatric condition characterized by a loss of touch with reality. Delusions and hallucinations are common manifestations of psychosis. Delusions are false ideas or beliefs, or gross misinterpretations of events. Hallucinations are false sensory perceptions, causing one to hear, see, feel, smell, or taste something that is not real. Psychosis can occur with certain medical conditions, other psychiatric conditions, and as a result of taking certain substances.
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Psychosis is a symptom of a mental or psychological disorder. Generally, if someone is psychotic, it means that they are not dealing well with reality. They may have hallucinations or delusions. A hallucination is a sensation that is not real. A delusion is a false belief about reality.
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Psychosis is a generic psychiatric term for a mental state involving the loss of contact with reality, causing the detioration of normal social functioning. (Reference: Stedman's Medical Dictionary) The word was first used by Ernst Von Reuchtersleben as an alternative for the terms "insanity" and "mania," and is derived from the Greek psyche (mind) and -osis (diseased or abnormal condition).
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There are certain problems with the use of ‘psychosis’ in contemporary psychiatry. Firstly, its very definition is difficult because its defining criteria are not specific (Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry). ‘Lack of insight’ is difficult to define. If ‘severity of illness’ is used as a criterion, the problem then arises that conditions falling into the psychosis category can occur in mild as well as severe forms. Moreover, non-psychotic conditions such as obsessional-compulsive disorder can ... be very severe. ‘Impaired contact with reality, as evidenced by delusions and hallucinations’ has been considered difficult to apply.
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The word "psychosis" is used to describe conditions that affect the mind, in which there has been some loss of contact with reality. When someone experiences symptoms of psychosis, their condition is referred to as a psychotic episode. "First episode" psychosis simply means that an individual is experiencing psychosis for the first time.
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There is a group of illnesses which disrupt the functioning of the brain so much, they cause a condition called psychosis. When someone experiences psychosis they are unable to distinguish what is real — there is a loss of contact with reality. Most people are able to recover from an episode of psychosis.
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