LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Prince Edward Island: New Brunswick
built 156 days ago
Although Prince Edward Island did not implement an independent trade deal with the Americans, the possibility of stronger ties between Prince Edward Island and the United States concerned Canada. In 1869, the new country decided to try again to convince the Island to join Confederation with a deal known as "Better Terms". In addition to an offer to assume the Island's debts, the deal provided a debt allowance, and an annual per capita subsidy of 80 cents. As well, Canada offered a steamer service to the mainland for delivery of passengers and post, and a renewed pledge of $800000 to purchase remaining absentee landlord holdings. The government of Robert Haythorne rejected this offer in January of 1870.
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In May 1997, the Confederation Bridge, an eight-mile span between Prince Edward Island and New Brunswick, was completed. This longest bridge over ice-covered waters in the world brings a new age of transportation to Atlantic Canada. Bounty from the sea includes shellfish and Irish moss—a source of carrageenan, a food stabilizer.
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Prince Edward Island has about 5240 km (about 3255 mi) of highways and roads. The province has no mainline railroad service. Charlottetown is the main seaport of the island. The Confederation Bridge, the province's first fixed link with New Brunswick, opened in 1997; the structure extends 13 km (8 mi) across the Northumberland Strait, connecting Borden, P.E.I., with Jourimain Island, N.B. Ferry service to and from Nova Scotia runs during the summer months, when coastal waters are not ice covered. The principal airport serves Charlottetown.
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Prince Edward Island relies upon the mainland for its electricity. There are no significant deposits of coal or petroleum on PEI. PEI is ... without substantial sources of nuclear or hydroelectric energy. As of 2004, eight percent of PEI's energy needs came from renewable sources, such as wood and solar panels. Wind power holds great potential as a new energy source for PEI. Many hope wind power could account for 10 percent of PEI's energy needs by 2010.
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The territory now called Prince Edward Island was reached in 1534 by the French explorer Jacques Cartier, who found Micmac Indians living here. In 1603 Samuel de Champlain claimed the island for France and called it Île St-Jean. The island, a part of the French province of Acadia, held little interest for the Europeans and supported only temporary fishing villages for nearly 200 years. After 1713, when the British acquired mainland Acadia from France, French authorities encouraged the Acadians and new arrivals from France to settle on the island. The British won control of Île St-Jean in 1745; France regained sovereignty in 1748. British troops occupied the island in 1758, during the French and Indian War; it was finally ceded to Great Britain by the Treaty of Paris in 1763, when it was renamed Saint John's Island and became part of Nova Scotia.
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Prince Edward Island is located off the coast of New Brunswick in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. There is evidence that the ancestors of the Micmac Indians lived on the island 10,000 years ago, when a land bridge extended across what is now the Northumberland Strait. The Europeans discovered the island when French explorer Jacques Cartier landed there in 1534; he described it as "the most beautiful stretch of land imaginable." In spite of his enthusiastic description, it was a long time before the island was settled. No permanent colony existed until the French established a very small one in 1719.
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