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Prime Minister: Us President
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Located on King Charles Street in London, the Churchill Museum and Cabinet War Rooms, is the first national museum dedicated to the life of Winston Churchill, who was the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom during the Second World War. He is considered by many to have been the greatest Prime Minister in Britain's long history. Along with the opportunity to access various media displays, which chronicle Churchill's life, visitors can ... view more than 350 original objects that were used by or belonged to Churchill. The museum even has some of Churchill's school reports.
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Mr. D. B. Wijetunga, who was the Prime Minister at that time, was elected by parliament to be the President, after the assacination of President R. Premadasa in 1993. Some leaders who left the UNP, during the Premadasa regime re-joined the government.
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A prime minister is the most senior minister of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. The position is usually held by, but need not always be held by, a politician. In many systems the Prime Minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet, and allocates posts to members within the Government. In most systems they are the presiding member and chairperson of the cabinet. In a minority of systems, notably in semi-presidential system of government, a prime minister is the official who is appointed to manage the civil service and execute the directives of the President.
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The modern office of prime minister developed over several centuries. Medieval and early modern monarchs often had chief ministers who wielded vast power—men such as Cardinal Morton in Henry VII's reign, Burghley under Queen Elizabeth, and Buckingham for James I and Charles I. But they depended totally upon the favour of the monarch, as the fate of Wolsey, Thomas Cromwell, and Clarendon demonstrated. The crucial change came after 1688 when it became necessary to summon Parliament every year, and the ability to manage it became a vital political qualification. Robert Harley, later earl of Oxford, in Anne's reign, had some of the attributes of a prime minister, including a keen understanding of the growing power of the press, but the title of first prime minister is usually given to Sir Robert Walpole, though the term was derogatory and he denied it. The subsequent development of the office depended upon the gradual development of party, which limited the king's choice of minister; on the growing complexity of public business, which demanded a co-ordinating hand; on the slow decline in the influence of the monarch; and on the development of an organized public opinion, expressed through a reformed electoral system, which substituted the choice of the voters for the choice of the monarch.
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The Prime Minister is the head of the Government. He presides over the Cabinet of Ministers which advises the President of the Republic and is collectively responsible to the National Assembly for any advice given and for all action done by or under the authority of any Minister in the execution of his office.
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In parliamentary systems like the United Kingdom's or Australia's Westminster system, the prime minister is the presiding and actual head of the government and head of the executive branch. In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (the King, Queen, President, or Governor-General), although officially the head of the executive branch, in fact holds a ceremonial position. The Prime Minister is often, but not always, a member of parliament and is expected with other ministers to ensure the passage of bills through the legislature. In some monarchies the monarch may ... exercise executive powers (known as the Royal Prerogative) which are constitutionally vested in the Crown and can be exercised without the approval of parliament.
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