LYCOS RETRIEVER 
Premarin: Women
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Premarin is a hormone, a substance produced by the body. It is needed for normal growth and development of female sex organs and for functions such as bearing children. Premarin is used for symptoms associated with menopause: hot flashes (feelings of warmth in the face, neck, and chest), sweating, sleep disturbance, vaginal discomfort (dryness and itchiness), poor concentration, and irritability. It ... is used in the treatment of breast cancer in postmenopausal women and breast and prostate cancer in men. Premarin also is used with diet, calcium supplements, and exercise to slow the progression of osteoporosis, a disease common in women after menopause resulting in bones that break easily.
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Premarin and other estrogen drugs, with or without progesterone, should not be used to prevent heart disease. Recent studies have confirmed an increased rate of heart attack, stroke, and dangerous blood clots among women taking estrogen or estrogen combinations for 5 years. Blood clots can lead to phlebitis, stroke, heart attack, a loss of blood supply to the lungs, a blockage in the blood vessels serving the eye, and other serious disorders.
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Premarin stands for PREgnant MARes urINe or PMU for short. It can and is spelled both ways, with and without an e on the end. Premarin (... included are Prempro, Premphase, Prempac and Premelle) are drugs made up of concentrated estrogens collected from the urine of pregnant mares. These are distributed in many forms pills, creams, injections, patches and vaginal rings. These are used to reduce the symptoms of menopause in women or women that have had a hysterectomy. Doctors also prescribe these to virtually eliminate the risks and effects of osteoporosis and reduce the chance for heart disease.
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Several smaller pharmaceuticals, including Duramed Pharmaceuticals, did develop generic versions of Premarin in the '70s and '80s, as Premarin's patent expired. In 1990... Wyeth-Ayerst told the FDA that the generic products on the market released estrogens more quickly into the blood stream than Premarin. Relying on the Waxman-Hatch Act's requirement that a generic have the same rate (how fast the drug enters the blood) and extent (how much total drug enters the blood) of absorption as the listed drug product, Wyeth-Ayerst has (so far) successfully waged a campaign to keep these generics off the market. As a result, although the generics have been developed, none are currently on the market or available to women. For more details about the controversy regarding manufacture of the generics, please see http://www.cagw.org/site/PageServer?pagename=reports_premarin
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Premarin (conjugated estrogens) has been linked to the following serious side effects: Ovarian Cancer, Lupus, Scleroderma, Gallbladder Cancer and Stroke. Premarin is an estrogen-only hormone replacement therapy (HRT) used to treat the symptoms of menopause. Premarin is typically prescribed for women without a uterus.
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Because of estrogen's link to uterine cancer, Premarin is indicated in women who have had hysterectomies. Women with intact uteruses undergoing HRT are usually prescribed Prempro, a combination of two hormones, estrogen and progestin. The addition of progestin helps prevent overgrowth of the uterine lining, which can lead to cancer.
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